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Architecture
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25 Terms
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Alkali metals
extremely reactive metals in group one; do not occur freely in nature
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Alkaline-earth metals
metallic elements in group 2; do not occur freely in nature
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Atom
smallest particle into which an element can be divided
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Atomic number
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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Average atomic mass
weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of that element
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Chemical symbol
abbreviation for an elements name
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Ductile
can be made into wires
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Electron
negatively charged particles in an atom
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Electron cloud
general region around the nucleus where electrons may be found
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Energy levels
electrons are organized here in specific rings
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Group
vertical column of elements on the periodic table; sometimes called a family
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Halogens
toxic, nonmetals in group 17
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Isotope
atom of an elements with different number of neutrons
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Malleable
able to form different shapes, bendable
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Mass number
total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus
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Metal
shiny element that conducts heat and electricity well
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Metalloid
elements that have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals
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Neutron
uncharged particles in the nucleus of an atom
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Noble gasses
unreactive elements that have a full valence shell; group 18
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Nonmetal
poor conductor of heat and electricity
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Nucleus
small, dense center of an atom that is positively charged
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Period
horizontal row of elements on the periodic table
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Periodic table
arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic number such that elements with similar properties fall in the same column or group
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Proton
positively charged particles in the nucleus
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Valence electrons
electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom
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