Anatomy Ch 3 Vocab pt 1

doesnt help on vocab lol dont use

Tissues

A group of similar cells and surrounding material that work together to perform a specific job in the body

Apical surface

The free, exposed upper side of an epithelial cell that faces the outside of the body or the ionside cavity of an organ

Epithelium

A type of body tissue that forms the outer covering of the body and lines interla cavities, hollow organs, and glands

Basement membrane

A thin, tough sheet of extracellular matrix that supports epithelial and endothelial cells and separates them from underlying connective tissue

Simple epithelium

A signle layer of cells anchored to a basement membrane, spexialized for absorption, filtration, and secretion

Stratified epithelium

A tissue made of two or more layers of cells stacked on top of each other, designed mainly to protect underlying body structures from wear and tear

Squamous epithelium

A type of tissue made of flat, scale-like cells that line internal cavities and cover external body surfaces

Serous membrane/ serosa

A smooth, double-layered tissue that lines closed body cavities and covers the internal organs within them to reduce friction

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Function: form the wall of the kidney tubules and covers the surface of the ovaries

Location: glands and ducts (salivary glands and pancreas)

Simple columnar epithelium

Function: lines body cavities open to the exterior

Location: lines entire length of digestive tract from stomach to open end

Goblet cells

Specialized, cup-shaped epithelial cells that secrete musuc to protect and lubricate the linings of the body’s organs

Mucosae/mucous membrane

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Function: absorption and secretion

Location: lining the respiratory tract and parts of the male reproductive system

Stratified squamos epithelium

Function: protect underlying tissues from physical wear, abrasion, pathogens, and water loss

Location: esophagus, mouth, outer area of skin

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Function: provides protection to undrerlying tissues and assists with the secretion of substances

Location: ducts of large glands

Stratified columnar epithelium

Function: protection and secretion alone select high-stress or mucous-membrane body surfaces

Location: ducts or large glands

Transitional epithelium

Function: to stretch and act as a barrier to allow urinary organs to expand without leaking

Location: urinary bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra

Gland

A specialized cell, a group of cells, or an organ that makes and releases chemical substances for the body to use or eliminate

Secretion

The process where a cell or gland makes and releases a useful substance, or the substance itself that is released

Endocrine glands

Ductless organs that make and release hormones directly into your bloodstream

Exocrine glands

Specialized organs that secrete substances through tubes or ducts onto an epithelial surface

Connective tissue

A type of body tissue that connects body parts and is primariliy involved in protecting, supporting, and binding together body tissues. Is found everywhere in the body

Extracellular matrix

A complex network of proteins and sugars that surrounds, supports, and gives structure to cells and tissues in the body