Information Processing Theory TOM

hardware

memory systems

cognition

series of mental processes (computer)

What develops according to IPT?

hardware and software

How is knowledge acquired according to IPT?

acquired by child

Who makes development happen according to IPT?

Child (active, overlapping waves)

What makes development happen according to IPT?

continuous quest for knowledge

Shape of development according to IPT

continuous and simultaneous (no distinct transitions or stages)

What are the 3 memory systems?

sensory, short term (working), and long term

sensory memory function

Holds onto sights, sounds, and smells briefly before identification

sensory memory limit

Fraction of a second

sensory memory development

Some increase in duration over lifespan (change is not dramatic)

working memory function

Work space to connect, attend to, process, and think about information

working memory limit

A few seconds or pieces of information

working memory development

Increase in capacity and speed across childhood and adolescence

long term memory function

Stores information on a long-term basis

long term memory limit

unlimited

long term memory development

Increase in amount of content continuously over entire lifespan

What are two software mental strategies?

rehearsal and selective attention

rehearsal

repeating information to commit it to memory

example of rehearsal

learning a new phone number

selective attention

intentionally focusing on the most relevant information

example of selective attention

recalling toys vs other objects

What are two ways to build software knowledge?

content knowledge and categorization

content knowledge

how much you know about something

example of content knowledge

recalling toys vs other objects

categorization

how you group what you know

example of categorization

learning a new phone number

mental strategies and knowledge...

improve with age

software

supports information processing—speed and accuracy—by helping to integrate new knowledge with existing knowledge (strategy and knowledge)

overlapping waves theory

learners are active problem solvers

problem solving

Identify goal, detect obstacles, and devise way to obtain goal

What is the process of IPT?

series of operations --> how thought operates

What kinds of growth according to IPT?

incremental growth

What methods are used for IPT?

microgenetic

microgenetic

Same participant studied repeatedly over a short period as they master a task

Theory of mind

an awareness that other people's behavior may be influenced by beliefs, desires, and emotions that differ from one's own

example of TOM

Ryan dislikes cake, but he pretends to like it because he thinks most other people like cake.

false-belief task

Tests understanding that own belief may be different from other's belief

mean monkey false belief task

kids are explained that mean monkeys will always want the sticker they want; what can they say to get it?

TOM development

improvement in hardware and software

How would info processing theorists explain the video?

Better memory for components of problem, better attention to relevant parts of problem, and better knowledge of how people think