17. Types of Reactions in Organic Chemistry*

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addition reaction

a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules react together to form a single molecule

addition reaction examples

ethene + hydrogen -> ethane, ethene + bromine -> 1,2-dibromoethane, ethene + chlorine -> 1,2-dichloroethane, ethene + hydrogen chlorice -> chloroethane, ethene + water -> ethanol

addition reactions occur with…

alkenes

addition reaction change in geometry

planar -> tetrahedral

addition reaction change in saturation

unsaturated -> saturated

ethene + hydrogen -> ethane equation

C2H4 + H2 --[Ni]--> C2H6

what reagent and metal cataylst are used to form ethane from ethene?

H2 and Ni

does benzene undergo addition reactions? why or why not?

benzene does not undergo addition reactions due to the stability of its delocalised electrons

mechanism of a reaction

the detailed step-by-step description of how the overall reaction occurs

ionic addition mechanism steps

polarisation, heterolytic fission, carbonium ion formation, ionic addition