Lec- Anterior and Medial Thigh, Knee

skeletal support for the thigh

femur

posterior border of the femur with a roughened crest

linea aspera

the femur articulates with _

acetabulum, tibia and patella

what part of the femur articulates with the tibia

medial and lateral condyles

what attaches to the walls of the intercodylar fossa

cruciate ligaments

what ligaments attach to the femur epicondyles

collateral ligaments of the knee

where is the adductor tubercle located

posteriosuperior to the medial epicondyle of the femur

what is posterior to the femur lateral epicondyle

factes for attachment of the lateral head of gastrocnemius and poplietus muscles

which muscles are part of the anterior compartment of thigh

sartorius m

quadriceps muscles

psoas major

iliacus m

what innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh

femoral n

list the quadriceps muscles

rectus femoris

vastus lateralis

vastus medialis

vastus intermedius

action of the vastus muscles

extend knee

action of rectus femoris

hip flexion

knee extension

sartorius muscle action

flex thigh

flex knee

muscles of the medial compartment

gracilis

pectineus

adductor longus

adductor brevis

adductor magnus

obturator externus

most of the medial compartment is innervated by

obturator n

medial compartment - muscles except (which?) are innervated by obturator n

pectineus (femoral n)

part of adductor magnus (sciatic)

general function of medial compartment of thigh

adduction of the hip

gracilis function and innervation

adduct hip

flex knee

obturator n

pectineus action and innervation

adduct thigh

flex thigh

femoral n

adductor longus action and innervation

adduction of thigh

medial rotation of hip

obturator n

adductor brevis action and innervation

adduct hip

obturator n

parts of the adductor magnus

adductor part

hamstring part

adductor magnus action and innervation

adduct and medially rotate hip

adductor part: obturator n

hamstring part: sciatic n tibial division

obturator externus function and innervation

lateral rotation of hip

obturator n

all muscles of the medial compartment adduct the thigh except _

obturator externus m

how does the femoral a leave the adductor canal

passing through adductor hiatus in adductor magnus m

the femoral artery becomes _

popliteal artery after passing through adductor hiatus in adductor magnus

the obturator artery bifurcates into

anterior and posterior branches

the branches of obturator artery form a channel that ciricles _

margin of the obturator margin

superficial veins of the thigh interconnect with _

deep veins

main difference between deep and superficial veins of the thigh

deep veins follow arteries

superficial veins do not accompany arteries

most lymphatcis in the lower limb drain into _

superficial and deep inguinal nodes

superficial inguinal nodes extend along which vein

great saphenous vein

superficial inguinal nodes receive lymph from _

gluteal region

lower abdominal wall

perineum

superficial regions of lower limb

the deep inguinal nodes interconnect with _

SF inguinal nodes

deep inguinal nodes receive lymph from

deep lymphatics associated with femoral vessels

glans penis/clitoris

the deep inguinal nodes drain into

external iliac nodes

space through which lymphatic vessels pass under the inguinal ligament

femoral canal

the deep inguinal nodes follow which vein

femoral vein

lymph nodes of the hip

superficial inguinal

deep inguinal

popliteal nodes

popliteal nodes receive lymph from

superficial vessels that accompany the small saphenous vein

deep areas of leg and foot

sensory innervation of the femoral n

anterior thigh and knee

saphenous n: medial side of leg and foot

obturator n sensory

skin over upper medial aspect of the thigh

posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh sensory location

skin over gluteal fold

upper medial thigh

posterior thigh

upper posterior leg

sciatic n sensory function

skin of lateral leg + foot

sole and dorsal surface of foot

sensory branches of femoral n

anterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

saphenous n

branches of femoral n

anterior cutaneous branches

numerous motor nerves

saphenous n

the saphenous nerve accompaines _ through the adductor canal

femoral a

the branches of the obturator nerve pass with respect to which muscle

adductor brevis m

type of joint for the knee

synovial hinge joint

articulations of the knee

femur

tibia

patella

the articular surfaces of the knee are covered by _

hyaline cartilage

articular surfaces of the knee

2 femoral condyles

tibial condyles

shape of the articular surfaces between femur and patella

V shaped trench

structure of meniscus

fibrocartilaginous C shaped cartilages

the mensici attach to

facets int he intercondylar region of the tibial plateau

which meniscus is more mobile

lateral meniscus

medial meniscus attaches to

joint capsule + tibial collateral ligament

why is the lateral mensicus more mobile

it is not attached to the joint capsule

the menisci are interconnected anteriorally by

transverse ligament of the knee

the lateral meniscus is connected to _

tendon of popliteus muscle

the cruciate ligaments are outside _ but enclosed within _

articular caavity; fibrous membrane

function of the menisci

improve congruency b/t femoral and tibial condyles during movement

what does synovial membrane of knee attach to

margins of the articular surfaces and to the superior and inferior outer margins of the menisci

what separates synovial membrane from patellar ligament

infrapatellar fat

sobpopliteul recess

extends between the lateral meniscus and the tendon of the popliteus muscle

the fibrous membrane encloses the

articular cavity and the intercondylar region

medial side, fibrous membrane blends with

tibial collateral ligament (MCL)

the fibrous membrane is NOT attached to _

lateral meniscus

medial part of the fibrous membrane is attached to _

medial mensicus

anterior part of fibrous membrane is attached to

margins of the patella

the patellar ligament is a continuation of _

quadriceps femoris tendon

the paterllar ligament is attached _ superiorly

margins and apex of patella

patellar ligament inferior attachment

tibial tuberosity

structure of the LCL

cord-like

what does the LCL attach to

lateral femoral epicondyle

lateral surface of fibular head

what does MCL attach to

medial femoral epicondyle

medial surface of the tibia

the cruciate ligaments are found in what region of the knee

intercondylar region

the cruciate ligaments interconnect _

femur and tibia

ACL attaches to

anterior part of intercondylar area of tibia

lateral wall of intercondylar fossa of femur

PCL attaches to

posterior aspect of intercondylar area of tibia

medial wall of intercondylar fossa of femur

the ACL crosses _ to the PCL as the pass through the intecondylar region

lateral

components of the knee locking mechanism

-change in shape and size of femoral surfaces that articulate with the tibia

-medial rotation of the femur on the tibia during extension

-center of gravity is anterior to the knee joint

in flexion the femoral surfaces that articulate with the tibia are _

curved and rounded areas on the posterior femoral condyles

in extension, the femoral surfaces that articulate with the tibia are _

broad and flat areas on the inferior aspect of femoral condyles

the femoral surfaces become _ in extension

larger and more stable

what unlocks the knee while standing

popliteus muscle with lateral rotation of the femur on tibia

blood supply to the knee

genicular branches from femoral, popliteal, lateral circumflex femoral artereies

circumflex fibular a

anterior tibial a

genicular supply of the knee comes from which arteries

femoral

popliteal

lateral circumflex femoral

innervation of the knee joint

obturator

femoral

tibial

common fibular

posterior gateway to the thigh

greater sciatic foramen

anterior gateway to the thigh

femoral triangle

medial gateway to the thigh

obturator canal

transition point of the thigh

popliteal fossa

primary flexor of the thigh

iliopsoas m

pes anserinus

combined tendons of

sartorius

gracilis

semitendinosus m

parts of the rectus femoris

reflected head

straight head

adductor hiatus contents

femoral a -> popliteal a

femoral triangle boundaries

base: inguinal ligament

medial: adductor longus

lateral: medial border of sartorius m

apex: adductor canal

floor: iliopsoas, pectineus, adductor longus

roof: fascia latae