Evolutionary Theory (Evolution)

Dr. Martin Huss

Carolus Linnaeus?

organized species and assigned these latin names

binomial nomenclature=?

two word naming system

-two word name (Genus +specific epithet=species name)

ken’s pants caught on fire, great scott?

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, specific (epithet)

classification of life’s diversity is organized in a hierarchical fashion from to _ categories.

bigger; smaller

-might find an individuals on the plant Earth

Jean-baptiste lamarck?

began outlining major ideas in 1801 and set forth formally in his philosophie zoologique in 1809

-wan an anatomist.stident of classification

-thought that acquired changes were passed to offspring

who was one of the first scientists to recognized the possibilty that Change Occurs Over Time? 1

Jean-baptiste lamarck 1

who stated that changes are adapatations to the environment that were acquired in an orgainsm’s lifetime?

Jean-baptiste lamarck

law of use and disuse?

lamarck porposed it

-if a body part were used, it got stronger and more poronuced in size

-if body part NOT used. it deteriorated

slide 6 stopped!*

James Hutton?

Gradualism

-scottish geologist

-studied invertebrate fossils in paris museum

-described the geological forces that have changed life on earth over millions of years (erosion, earthquakes, volcanoes…)

Charles Lyell?

uniformitarianism

-proposed theory of uniformitarianism

-geological processes at uniform rates building & wearing down earth’s crust

-proposed that the earth was millions of years instead of a few thousand years old

George Cuvier?

catastrophism

-studied fossil in sedimentary rock strata of Paris

-found some species completely disappeared in more recent layer

-extinction- he thought all life was gone/wiped out; but Charles Darwin did not accept all of Cuvier’s view

thomas malthus?

struggle for existence (resources)

alfred wallace?

co-discoverer of the theory of evolution through descent with modification and natural selection

describes who?

changes in earth’s crust due to slow continuous processes

-idea known as gradualism

james hutton

principles of geology was published by who?

-just before the HMS beagle set sail; This book was read by darwin

Charles Lyell

-explained geological processes that shaped the earth

helped Darwin understand sea shells in the andes mountains at 12000+ feet

-expanded earth’s age from thousands of years to millions of years or more

who stated that species disappear due to a catastrophic event of the earth’s crust (volcano, earthquake…) ?

-thought new species originated through multiple “special creation” events that followed catastrophic extinction events

-this latter notion was NOT accepted by Darwin

George Cuvier

what did each species struggle for?

food

living space

mates

plants and animals produce far more what?

produced far more than … offsprings than can be supported

-most die

-if they didn’t earth would be overrun

Darwin proposed that organisms descended from what?

common ancestors

natural selection is a what force for evolution?

driving force

number of DNA nucleotide base differences in the ___( c) oxidase gene.?

cytochrome

macroevolution?

long time scale events that create and destroy species

ex. elaphants

Microevolution?

short time scale events (generation-to-generation) that change the genotypes of populations

Theodosius Dobzhansky once said…?

“Nothing in biology makes sense EXCEPT in the light of evolution.”