WRITING TASK 2 (1/7/2026)

refrain

to avoid doing or stop yourself from doing something

implement

to start using a plan or system

simultaneously

in a way that is simultaneous (= happening or being done at exactly the same time)

hold someone accountable for something

to make someone responsible for what they do and demand a satisfactory reason for it.

Ex: They want him to be held accountable for what he has done.

conversely (adv)

in an opposite way

collectively (adv)

together

strive (v)

to try very hard to do something or to make something happen, especially for a long time or against difficulties

be none the worse for

to not be harmed or damaged by something

be second only to

đứng thứ hai sau

be two of a kind

very similar

lay off (something/someone)

to stop using or doing something

bear someone/something out

to support the truth of something

break out

to escape from a place or a situation

in hindsight

using the understanding about an event or situation that you only get after it has happened (nhìn lại sự việc đã qua)

paper over something

to hide an unpleasant situation, especially a problem or disagreement, in order to make people believe that it does not exist or is not serious