DEUS Exam 1 Study Guide: Colonial America

Vocabulary flashcards reviewing European colonization, Virginia and Massachusetts settlement, key historical conflicts, and assigned course readings for DEUS Exam 1.

Spanish Colonization

Spanish colonization efforts driven by God, Glory, Gold, and Catholicism, characterized by slow growth under a Royal Governor; soldiers and clergy converted first, while farmers were the last to convert.

French Colonization

Catholic colonial efforts with slow growth that focused on trading posts and sending allies to fight their battles.

English Colonization

Protestant colonial efforts characterized by wealth, strong growth, establishment by Royal Charters, different social classes, and alliances with Natives that eventually went sour.

Headright System

A system used in colonial Virginia that gave land to people who paid for their own or someone else's trip to America, which helped increase settlement.

Indentured Servitude

A contractual labor system where people agreed to work for someone for $4-7$ years in exchange for passage to America, food, housing, or land, becoming free once their contract ended.

Bacon's Rebellion

A revolt in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley due to anger over Native American policies, lack of protection, and political power, which exposed tensions between wealthy landowners and poorer colonists.

Nathaniel Bacon

The leader of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia who mobilized angry colonists against Governor William Berkeley before dying from disease.

Governor William Berkeley

The governor of Virginia targeted during Bacon's Rebellion by colonists angry about Native American policies, protection, and political power.

Predestination

The Puritan and Calvinist belief that God has already decided who will be saved and go to Heaven before a person is born.

John Winthrop

Puritan leader associated with the $1629$ charter to establish a colony and the concept of a "City upon a Hill".

King Philip's War ($1675-1676$)

A conflict over land, power, and English expansion between colonists and Native American groups, resulting in an English victory that weakened Native American power in New England.

Metacom

The real name of King Philip, who led Native American groups against English settlements during King Philip's War ($1675-1676$).

French and Indian War

A war fought between Britain and American colonists against France and Native American allies over land in North America, resulting in a British victory that created large debts and led to colonial taxation.

Ohio River Valley

The key region in North America fought over by Britain and France during the French and Indian War.

Original 13 Colonies

The group of British colonies comprising Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.