Medical Terminology Flashcards

Flashcards for medical terminology review.

Pathology

Study of disease (Path/o/logy)

Tonsillectomy

Excision of the tonsils (Tonsill/o/ectomy)

Neonatologist

A physician specializing in the treatment of newborns (Neo/nat/o/logist)

Impetigo

A contagious skin infection characterized by transformation of vesicles into a yellowish crust.

Cushing Syndrome

Excessive cortisol from the adrenal cortex, leading to symptoms including obesity and hyperglycemia.

-algia

Condition of pain

-cele

Hernia, swelling, or protrusion

-dynia

Pain

-ia

Condition of

-osis

Condition of

-ism

Condition

-itis

Inflammation

-penia

Deficiency or abnormal reduction in number

-centesis

Surgical puncture

-clasia, -clasis, -clast

Break apart

-desis

Surgical fixation or fusion

-ectomy

Surgical excision, removal

-gram

A record or image

-graph

An instrument for recording

-graphy

Recording process

-meter

Measure or measuring instrument

-metry

Measurement, process of measuring

-pexy

Surgical fixation, suspension

-stomy

Surgical creation of an opening

-tomy

An incision

a-

Without or absence of

ab-

Away from

ambi-

Both

di-, dipl-

Double

hemi-

Half

mono-

One

dia-

Through

dis-

Apart, away

ec-, ecto-

Outside, out

endo-

Within

ep-, epi-

Upon, over, above, on top

eso-

Inward

ex-, exo-

Outside or away from

extra-

Outside

peri-

Around

post-

To follow after

pre-

Before, to come before

sub-

Below

hypo-

Below

contra-

Counter or against

con-

With, together, or jointly

Anatomy

Study of body structure

Physiology

Study or science of nature of living things

Sprain

Tear of collagen fibers within a ligament

Strain

Tear of contractile tissues of a muscle

Dyskinesia

Difficult or painful movement

Fibromyalgia

Pain in muscle fibers

Monoplegia

Paralysis of one limb

Achondroplasia

A condition where cartilage fails to form properly

Arthroplasty

Surgical reconstruction of joint

Dystrophy

Difficult or painful development or growth

Orthopedic

Related to skeletal system

Costochondritis

Inflammation of ribs & cartilage

Podiatrist

A clinician who treats conditions of foot

Kyphosis

Exaggerated curvature of thoracic spine resulting in a hunch-backed appearance

Spondylosis

A condition of spine

Anisocytosis

Presence of RBCs of unequal size

Botulism

Lethal but rare disease, neurotoxin produced by bacterium once inside body

Edema

Abnormally large fluid volume in circulatory system or in tissues between body's cells (interstitial spaces).

Biomechanics

Study of mechanical laws relating to movement or structure of living organisms

Keloid Formation

A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar, due to excessive collagen formation in corium during connective tissue repair.

Hypertension

Persistently high blood pressure

Atherosclerosis

Condition of hard fatty plaque, artery wall = thick & fatty plaques lead to stenosis

Halitosis

Bad breath

Atelectasis

Collapsed lung

Pneumoconiosis

Condition of dusty lung (occupational, mines, factories)

Jaundice

Sign of liver disease; Yellowing of sclerae = icterus

Aphagia

Inability to swallow or eat

Dysphagia

Difficulty swallowing

Odynophagia

Painful swallowing

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gums

Ascites

Accumulation fluid in peritoneal cavity (btwn abdomen & int. organs)

Cirrhosis

Loss of liver cells replaced by connective tissue

-uresis

Urination

-uria

Pertaining to urine, urination

Diuresis

Temporary, excessive discharge of urine. Effect of diuretic drugs to treat Htn

Polyuria

Chronic production of large amounts of urine. Can be a sign of DM

Dysuria

Difficulty or pain during urination. Symptom of UTI

Neuropathy

Disease of peripheral nerves

Encephalitis

Inflammation of brain, usually from viral or bacterial infection

Meningitis

Inflammation of membrane around brain or spinal cord

Glioma

Tumor of the glial cells of the brain

Hydrocephalus

Water (CSF) in the brain

Multiple Sclerosis

Condition of hard, autoimmune disease of myelin sheath that leads to hardening of tissue in cerebrum

Intermittent Cephalalgia

Condition of head pain/headache

Paresthesia

Numbness and tingling caused by nerve injury

Enuresis

Involuntary release of urine

Rhinitis

Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the nasal cavity

Edema

Swelling

Exophthalmos

Bulging eyes

Polydipsia

Excessive thirst

Endocrinology

Study of the endocrine system

-megaly

Abnormally large

Hyperadrenalism

Excessive activity of adrenal gland(s)

Cushing Syndrome

Excessive activity of adrenal gland. Secretion of hormone - cortisol