Christianity: The Eucharist

Define sacraments

Sacred rites recognised as channels for receiving God’s grace, visible symbols of spirituality.

How many sacraments does the Roman Catholic Church recognise?

7

Explain the importance of the Eucharist

It’s considered by the Roman Catholic Church to be the source and summit of a Christian’s life.

What is the Eucharist?

The bread (Jesus’ body) and wine (his blood) eaten during Mass and consecrated by the Priest.

How does Orthodoxy and Catholicism differ on the Eucharist?

Use ‘metousiosis’ not transubstantiation.

Define Transubstantiation

Literal conversion of body/blood to bread/wine in the Eucharist

Define Consubstantiation

Belief the blood/body coexists but doesn’t become the wine/bread

What 2 sacraments do Protestants recognise?

Baptism and the Eucharist

How do Protestant groups differ on attitudes to sacraments?

Some denominations believe in the Eucharist as symbolic but others like Lutherans believe in consubstantiation.

What is the philosophical root of Transubstantiation?

Aristotelian philosophy distinguishing between substances.

Define Transignification

Suggests the significance of the bread/wine changes not the actual substance.

Define ‘real presence’ of Eucharist

Christ is genuinely present in the Eucharist, through whatever means.

How do Protestants view the Eucharist as a memorial?

Views Eucharist as symbolic of Christ’s sacrifice

Define ‘Grace’

Grace is free gift of God’s love and mercy, needed for salvation.

Explain spiritual nourishment

Believers experience spiritual nourishment and a deepened connection to Christ

Explain the communal aspect of the Eucharist

Fosters unity among believers, reminding them of shared faith and responsibility.

Outline reflection and self awareness of the Eucharist

Encourages reflection on ones relationship with God through practise of examining ones conscious prior to receiving the Eucharist.

What is the implication of regular participation in the Eucharist?

Seen as essential for maintenance of spiritual growth, for example in the Catholic church.

Outline the ethical living of the Eucharist

Eucharist calls for believers to live ethically and reflect Jesus’ sacrifice in their daily lives.

Outline the mission/service of the Eucharist

Inspires believers to engage in mission or service embodying Christ’s sacrificial love.