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Decomposition
Decomposition is the process of changing once-living material into dark colored organic matter
How is a leaf organic matter?
Organic natter is the remains of something dead , and overtime, roots die and leaves and twigs fall to the ground. organisms living in the soil decompose these materials for food
Define biota
All of the organisms that live in a region are known as biota
The chemical and physical processes that change things overtime are called .
Weathering
Define mechanical weathering
When physical processes naturally break rocks into smaller pieces, mechanical weathering occurs
Oxidation
A process that causes chemical weathering is called oxidation
What kind of rocks weather most rapidly
Soft rocks
What conditions produce the fastest weathering
Hot and wet
Compare and contrast information about weathering
Chemical: changes chemical makeup of rocks both: changes over time mechanical: breaks up rocks into smaller pieces
Cause: ice wedging or frost wedging
Effect: water collects in the cracks of a rock and freezes.the frozen water widens the cracks. Repeated thawing and freezing breaks the rocks apart
Cause:abrasion
Effect:friction or impact grinds away rock.
Cause : plants
Plants grow in the cracks, their roots grow wider and longer, breaking apart the rock
Cause: animals
Effects: Animals dig holes in the soil around the rock. This allows water to enter the soil-which looses
And erodes the rock.
Mechanical weathering breaks rocks into ones
Large; smaller
The smaller rocks have than the one larger rock
More surface area
Rock material with can hold more water and nutrients for plants
More Scarface area; water and nutrients
water minerals in rock
Dissolves
Normal rain is what pH and causes some ________
5.6 pH; chemical weathering
Acid rain has a pH of ________ and is caused by ________ in air reacting with rain water
4.5 or less; pollutions
Acid rain causes much more chemical weathering than ________
Normal rain
Acid rain = pH below ___ ; normal rain = pH of ____
5.5; 4.5
Oxidation combines ________ with other elements or molecules.
Oxygen
Oxidation forms as a _________ on the _________ surface
Layer; outside
