Chapter 9 -- Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

these don't include definitions of the major parts of cellular respiration/fermentation. will probably only make sense if you read the chapter

substrate-level phosphorylation

enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate to ATP

pyruvate dehydrogenase

catalyzes the following:
--pyruvate's carboxyl group is oxidized and CO2 is released
--electrons transferred to NAD+ which is reduced to NADH
--2 carbon fragment + CoA = acetly CoA

cytochromes

common in the electron transport chain; proteins that have a heme group with an iron atom

proton-motive force

H+ gradient can do work

anaerobic respiration

respiration where the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is not O2

fermentation

glycolysis and reactions the regenerate NAD+

alchohol fermentation

pyruvate --> ethanol/ethyl alcohol

lactic acid fermentation

pyruvate reduced directly by NADH --> lactate

obligate anaerobes

only carry out fermentation and anaerobic respiration

facultative anaerobes

can make enough ATP to survive on fermentation/anaerobic respiration

beta oxidation

fatty acids --> 2 carbon fragments --> citric acid cycle as acetyl CoA, NADH and FADH2 also generated