Chemistry Solubility

Solutions

Solution

A mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another

Solvent

The substance that is doing the dissolving

Solute

The substance that is getting dissolved

Hydrophilic

"water loving" molecules that can form bonds with water

Hydrophobic

"water fearing" molecules that cannot form bonds with water

Solubility

The maximum amount of a solute that will dissolve in a particular solvent at a specific temperature and pressure

Diffusion

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (high to low)

Unsaturated Solution

A solution that has less than the maximum amount of solute

Saturated Solution

A solution where the solvent has dissolved all of a particular solute that it can

Supersaturated Solution

A solution where there is more dissolved solute than there would be at equilibrium

Semipermeable Membrane

A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through but not others

Osmosis

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Osmotic Pressure

The amount of external pressure that is needed to equalize two solutions

Isotonic

A solution where the concentrations of the solute and solvent are equal

Hypotonic

A solution that has a lower concentration of solute than solvent

Hypertonic

A solution that has a higher concentration of solute than solvent