renal, urinary, and metabolic disorders with UA findings

what kind of cast is associated with pyelonephritis

WBC cast

what kind of cast is associated with glomerulonephritis

RBC cast

identifying characteristic of nephrotic syndrome

proteinuria >3.5 g/day

acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is caused by _____ formed as a result of what kind of infection?

immune complexes

streptococcus pyogenes (group A) infection

Goodpasture disease is also known as

anti-GBM (anti glomerular basement membrane)

what is a common finding in Berger disease

hematuria

alport syndrome can affect which organs

the kidneys, eyes, ears, and heart

fanconi syndrome is a ____ tubule defect

proximal

what is a common lab finding for hartnup syndrome

excess neutral amino acids in the urine

a tryptophan deficiency leads to

niacin/serotonin deficiency

what is most commonly associated with a wine colored urine

porphyrias

a maple syrup scent in urine is detected ____ hours after birth

48 to 72

which enzyme is deficient in MSUD

alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase

what is the diagnostic test for PKU and what does it detect

guthrie test; it detects metabolic products of phenylalanine in the urine

what is the confirmatory test for PKU

tetrahydrobiopterin

which amino acids accumulate in MSUD

leucine, isoleucine, and valine

which enzyme is deficient in PKU

phenylalanine hydroxylase