BV Tests and Review Exam 1

What are the steps for VT

1. antisuppression

2. monocular accommodation

3. biocular

4. vergences

5. integration

PRV is what

BO

NFV

BI

BIM adding minus does

makes eyes converge better, challenges divergence

BOP plus

makes convergence harder

anomalous correspondence responds to what issue

unable to bifoveate (as in cannot perceive random fit stereopsis)

if you have normal stereo can you assume normal acuities

Yes

if you have normal acuities can you assume normal stereo

No

maximum vertical angle is how many degrees

45 degrees

RIR is a pure depressor at what degrees

23 degrees

RIR is a oure excyclotorter at what degree

67 degrees

LSO is a pure depressor at what degree

52 degrees adduction

LSO pure incyclotorsion at what degrees

39 degree

The Romberg test will test what response in body

vestibular ocular response

Adult CISS values

Greater or equal to 21 is significant

Child CISS results

Greater than or equal to 16 is significant

BIVSS score significant if

Over 32 or at 32

bilateral hyperopia

greater than +5 D b

bilateral myopia

greater than -8D

astigmatism amount bilateral

greater than 2.5D

amount of children with vision problem to affect their learning

25%

Horizontal saccades and versions from what nucleus

PPRF

vertical saccades nucleus

riMLF

3 main mergence tests

Vergence ranges, NPC, Vergence facility

NFV means base

Base in (BI) - use for an eso patient compensating

PFV means base

Base out (BO) - use for an exo patient compensating

CISS also gives us suspicion if the patient has what three possibilities

accommodative insufficiency, BV dysfunction or sig RE

if a patient has binocular single vision this means that they have what

fusion

optimal binocular single vision means the patient will have

3rd degree fusion

if you want a smaller target that is harder to fuse what will you use over the worth light

pediatric worth light

is it possible for binocular VA’s to be worse than monocular VA’s?

Yes!

We test pupils and VF as a diagnosis of what

exclusion!

Do you use the FDT perimeter in BV

Not really

what optotype contrast sensitivity test uses triplets?

Pelli-robson test

which VA tests can be used with crowding

HOTV, lea numbers, landolt C, broken wheel

what type of cyl is more susceptible for amblyopia

oblique cyl

will a constant strab be able to perceive the global dot stereo testing

No they will not be able to

what is the most severe type of amblyopia

form deprivation

is an alternating trope means for amblyopia

No! X(T) NO!

random dot stereopsis is what

global stereopsis that allows bifoveation

Eccentric fixation is seen in which patients?

monocular motor anomaly seen in strabismic patients

is a crowding issue likely in pathology?

No!

what are you treating when patching the amblyopic eye

eccentric fixation is what you are treating

what study was shown that patients are not super compliant to patching

MOTAS

does single symbol near or distance get better first with amblyopia?

Single symbol near before distance

what VA values do you use to determine if pt has amblyopia or how bad it is for hours of patching

use the linear values

which multiplier to use for a patient with low vision/amblyopia only

x3 (using 8pt times new roman)

which to use multiplier to use for 4x print

if learning difficulties only

when to use the 5x multiplier

for learning difficulties and amblyopia

what does contour interaction mean

crowding

in the dark with a bright stimulus it is harder to suppress therefore a patient who still supresss here would be called what

Deep suppression

if a patient has NPC does this mean they have motor fusion?

Yes if they can perform it yes

obligatory suppression

constant at ALL times

facultative suppression

present ONLY when troping (milder)

peripheral suppression is bigger than what

5 degrees

foveal suppression is what

less than 1 degree

central suppression is what

from 1 to 5 degrees

4 base out test is what type of suppression

central suppression

12 base out test is what type of suppression

peripheral suppression

what must you confirm before anti-suppression that your patient has?

potential for true fusion with sensory fusion and at least 10D motor fusion

can you do vision therapy if your patient is still constantly suppressing?

No!

fusion involves putting two images together on where in the eyes?

The cortex to experience binocular single vision

Motor fusion testing other than the 15 base out test

NPC, changing distances with worth light, smooth and step vergence ranges

what are indirect measures of vergences

NRA/PRA, binocular fused cross cyl, binocular acc facility, MEM (normally thought of as accommodative tests)

a patient with fast NPC recovery most likely means what

they have a phoria mainly since they are desiring to fuse more easily*

NPC norms or red/green light

7-10 break and about 12 recovery

meningitis causes what accommodative disorder?

accommodative spasm

what other nonfunctional causes occur with both acc excess and insufficient

TBI, encephalitis

diabetes is a nonfunctional cause of what accommodative disorder

insufficiency

balance and posture are controlled by what systems

vestibular systems

supra nuclear gaze center for pursuits is

the POT

peripheral enervation is known as what

more of the muscles/EOMs actions

is fixation both monocular and binocular?

Yes

upper lid margin MRD1 size

4mm

corneal reflex lower lid margin MRD2

5mm

rapid nystagmus is what

2 HZ = 2 cycles per second

What does a null point mean in nystagmus

No amorally present!

if you have a null point to left where to turn head

to the left

testing saccades how many degrees do you move right and left

15 degrees with 30 degrees as your max movement

hypometria

catch up saccade to target (undershoot)

hypermetria

corrective saccade to target (overshoot)

define dysmetria

inaccuracy of saccades

what is the near response triad

accommodation, pupil constriction and convergence

common secondary causes of accommodative issues

TBI, acquired brain injury or amblyopia

someone with accommodative insufficiency would have what cross-cyl finding

high fused

what is the only test that you can do for accommodative infacility

flipper testing

accommodative infacility has issues with flipper values that are plus or minus?

Both!

pseudo myopia is another term for what condition

accommodative spasm / excess

accommodative excess that also involves the pupil is known as what

accommodative spasm

if you move your pursuits too fast this causes you to measure what

saccades

does amblyopia cause directly accommodative disorder?

No!

what AC/A measure takes into account the proximal vergence?

calculated and thus higher in DE/CE patients

three measures of accommodation

MEM, NPA and flippers binoc and monoc

is accommodation yoked?

No

to avoid suppression what should you have your patient wear during binocular flippers

polarized or R/G glasses

what system can help make the binocular accommodative facility stronger than monocular values

their vergence system kicking into play

MEM is performed at what distance for the patient

Harmon distance

how to make vergence testing harder for the patient

make the target more complex

what is your target for ending vergence testing

Meet Morgan’s step norms

vectogram numbers represent what

convergence