Ethics

ETHICS

It refers to the discipline of studying an understanding human behavior and idea ways of thinking.

MORALS

It is also the individual’s personal conduct

DESCIPTIVE STUDY OF ETHICS

It is how people particularly groups, make their moral valuations without making any judgement either for or against these valuations.

NORMATIVE STUDY OF ETHICS

Conforming to or based on norms

MORAL ISSUE

A helpful tool to recognize that a situation calls for a moral valuation.

MORAL DECISION

The choice of what to act or perform

MORAL JUDGMENT

Judging someone’s action.

MORAL DILEMMA

An individual can choose only from a number of possible actions and there are compelling ethical reasons for various choices and not just for one obvious answer.

MORAL THEORY

It is a systematic attempt to establish the validity of maintaining a certain moral principle.

FRAMEWORK

A theory of interconnected ideas and a structure through which we can evaluate our reasons for valuing a certain decision or judgment.

IMMORAL

if we fall short to the moral thing

GOVERNANCE

It is basically guidance towards the good desired through rules determined by reason, or more simply according to law.

PROMULGATION

It is the way to communicate to the people involved in enforcing them to better in terms of compliance of the law.

ETERNAL LAW

The assertion of the Divine wisdom that directs each being toward its proper end.

NATURAL LAW

Our natural inclination to act properly and our participation to eternal law as rational creature.

HUMAN LAW

Refers to all instances wherein human beings construct and enforce laws in their communities.

DIVINE LAW

Refers specifically to the instances where we have percepts or instructions that come from divine revelation.

ETIQUETTE

The rules governing the proper way to behave

MANNERS

Refer to a set of rules or customs that dictate how people should behave in social situations.

POSITIVE LAW

Refers to all the different rules and regulations that are posited or put forward by an authority figure which require one’s compliance.

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

It is what ethically and relatively acceptable or unacceptable depends on one’s culture.

BERNARD BARUCH

“Most of the successful people I’ve known are the ones who do more listening.”

SUBJECTIVISM

It is the recognition that the individual thinking person (the subject) is at the heart of all moral valuations.

PSYCHOLOGICAL EGOISM

It states that all human actions as a matter of pursuit of self-interest.

SIMPLICITY

It conveniently identified a single basis that accounts for all actions.

PLAUSIBILITY

It is plausible that self-interest is behind person’s actions.

PLAUSIBLE

It means reasonable

UTILITARIANISM

It operates in the understanding of ethical actions as supposed to be always aiming at the greatest good for the greater number of people.

UTILITY

It refers to the consequences of actions and behavior as useful.

JEREMY BENTHAM

• Born on February 15, 1748 in London, England

• An advocate of economic freedom, women’s right, animal’s right, abolition of slavery, and separation of church and state.

PANOPTICON

A system for penal management

FELICIFIC CALCULUS

It is a framework in evaluating pleasure and pain

JOHN STUART MILL

The author of the essay UTILITARIANISM (1861)

YUKTESWAR GIRI

GOOD MANNERS without SINCERITY are like a BEAUTIFUL DEAD LADY

JUSTICE

It is a respect for the rights toward society’s pursuit for the greatest happiness of the greatest number.

LEGAL RIGHTS

Rights are based on the right of the citizens and the state expressed in rules

MORAL RIGHTS

It also defined as personal standards of behavior or belief concerning what is right.

NATURAL

It also refers to some kind of intuition that a person has, one which is so apparently true to him that I unquestioned.

THOMAS AQUINAS

“Doctor of the Roman Catholic”

SUMMA THEOLOGIAE

It is a voluminous work of Thomas Aquinas that comprehensively discusses many significant points in Christian theology.

SUBJECTIVISM

PSYCHOLOGICAL EGOISM

ETHICAL EGOISM

THEORIES ABOUT ETHICS

Simplicity, Plausibility

TWO (2) STRONG POINTS of PSYCHOLOGICAL EGOISM