eye PALM 750

diseases can increase orbital contents and displace the eye forward which is called

proptosis

what are some orbit neoplasms that are of vascular origin

capillary hemangioma, lymphangioma, cavernous hemangioma, non-hodgkin lymphoma

what is chronic inflammation of the eyelid

blepharitis

what forms when a meibomian gland on the eyelid is obstructed causing lipids to extravasate and form a granulomatous response?

chalazion

what is the most common neoplasm of the eyelid

basal cell carcinoma

which eyelid carcinoma can mimic a chalazion and has foamy cytoplasm

sebaceous carcinoma

which lymphoma is likely to present in the fornix of the conjunctiva

marginal B cell lymphoma

what is a contagious bacterial infection of the conjunctiva

trachoma

eyelashes misdirected towards the cornea is associated with trachoma and is known as

trichiasis

this lesion is small, yellow, straddles limbus w no corneal involvement

pinguecula

this is a wedge shaped fibrous growth straddling the limbus with corneal migration

pterygium

this neoplasm is associated with HPV 16 and 18, and my be preceded by intraepithelial changes like carcinoma in situ conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia

scc of the conjunctiva

this lesion is a conjunctival melanoma precursor and typically has cysts with epithelial cells surrounding

conjunctival compound nevi

his neoplasm develops through a phase of conjunctival melanocytes intraepithelial neoplasia and displays BRAF mutations

conjunctival melanomas

this corneal degeneration is associated with calcium deposits in bowman layer

calcific band keratopathy

this corneal degeneration is associated with high levels of UV light exposure and develops a yellow hue known as oil droplet keratopathy

acinic band keratopathy

this corneal degeneration is characterized by thinning of the cornea without inflammation and has a hallmark of thin cornea with breaks in the bowman layer

keratoconus

this corneal dystrophy is characterized by bulllous keratopathy and stromal edema and the formation of guttata formed by endothelial cells

fuchs endothelial dystrophy

lenticular opacities that are congenital or acquired which cause light to refract differently are called

cataracts

what is it called when the iris adheres to the cornea from exudate in the anterior chamber

anterior synechiae

what is it called when the iris adheres to the lens from exudate in the anterior chamber

posterior synechiae

this glaucoma is associated with increased resistance to aqueous outflow despite the humor having access to trabecular network

open angle glaucoma

what is the most common cause of secondary open angle glaucoma

pseudoexfoliation glaucoma

this glaucoma is associated with adherent iris to trabecular network

angle closure glaucoma

what is bowing of the iris forward to occlude the trabecular meshwork in angle closure glaucoma called

iris bombe

what is the glaucoma type in association with angle closure where there is a fibrovascular membrane formed over the iris which opposes the trabecular meshwork?

neovascular glaucoma

what is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults

metastasis to the uvea

what is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults

uveal melanoma

this melanoma has no associated with BRAF or UV, has a worse prognosis with epithelioid cell type and is based on lateral extend rather than depth

uveal melanoma

this type of retinal detachment is associated with a tear causing vitreous to access space btw RPE and neurosensory retina

rhegmatogenous

this retinal detachment is associated with exudate filling sub retinal space and is associated with retinal vascular disorders

non-rhegmatogenous

this retinal vascular disease is associated with silver wire appearance of arterioles, possible retinal detachment, cotton wool spot and cymoid bodies on histology

hypertension

this retinal vascular disease is caused by hyperglycemia causing thickening of BM of the pars plicata

diabetes

this diabetes retinopathy is characterized by macular edema, micro aneurysms, basement membrane thickening of retinal vessels and decreaedpericytes

non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

is diabetic retinopathy is associated with neovascular glaucoma, neovasculariztion and traction retinal detachment

prolfierative diabetic retinopathy

what can total occlusion of the central retinal artery be seen as

cherry red spot in fovea

this degenerative disease is characterized by druses formation in Bruch membrane, atrophy of RPE, loss of vision, complement

dry or atopic age related macular degeneration

this degenerative disease is characterized by choroidal neovascularization with vessels penetrating brutes membrane, tx is VEGF antagonists

wet or neovascular age related macular degeneration

what is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children

retinoblastoma

what histological characteristic is seen in retinoblastoma?

flexner wintersteiner rosettes

what is swelling of the optic disc of the optic nerve known as?

papilledema