Kin Exam Review Part 2

What are the 9 muscles of the shoulder joints?

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What are the 9 muscles of the shoulder joints?

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Pectoralis Major (anterior), coracobrachialis (anterior), subscapularis (anterior), latissimus dorsi (posterior), teres major (posterior), deltoid (superior), infraspinatus (posterior), supraspinatus (posterior), teres minor

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Pectoralis Major (anterior) of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: medial half of clavicle, ribs 1-6, sternum 

• Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus

• Action(s):

  • Upper: 

    • internal rotation, 

    • diagonal ADduction

    • Horizontal ADduction

    • Flexion

    • ABduction (assist above 90 degrees)

    • ADduction (assist below 90 degrees) 

  • Lower: 

    • internal rotation

    • horizontal ADduction

    • ADduction and EXtension from flexed to anatomical position 

• Antagonist: latissimus muscle

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Coracobrachialis (Anterior) of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: coracoid process

• Insertion:  medial border of humerus shaft

• Action(s): 

  • flexion, 

  • ADduction

  • horizontal ADduction

Antagonist: latissimus muscle, infraspinatus*

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Subscapularis (Anterior) - part of rotator cuff of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: subscapular fossa

• Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus 

• Action(s): EX INR AB

  • EXtension

  • INternal rotation

  • ABduction 

• Antagonist: infraspinatus and teres minor*

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Deltoid (Superior) of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: clavicle, acromion process, scapular spine

• Insertion: deltoid tuberosity on lateral humerus 

• Action(s):

  • Anterior:

    •  ABduction

    •  horizontal ADduction

    •  Flexion

    • internal rotation 

  • Middle: 

    • ABduction

    • horizontal ABduction 

  • Posterior: 

    • ABduction

    • horizontal ABduction

    • Extension

    • external rotation 

• Antagonist: (LPMajor)

  • Latissimus dorsi

  • Pectoralis MAJOR

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Supraspinatus (Posterior) - Part of rotator cuff of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: supraspinous fossa

• Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus 

• Action(s): 

  • ABduction 

• Antagonist:STMajorLC

  • Subscapularis,

  •  Teres Major,

  •  Latissimus dorsi, 

  • Coracobrachiallis

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Latissimus Dorsi (Posterior) of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: POSTERIOR crest of ILIUM, SACRUM,, spinous PROCESS of LOWER vertebrae lower 3 RIBS

• Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus 

• Action(s): 

  • ADduction

  • Horizontal ABduction 

  • EXension

  •  INternal rotation

  • EXternal rotation

• Antagonist: BCDISspinatus

  •  Biceps brachii

  • Coracobrachialis

  • Deltoid

  • Infraspinatus

  • Supraspinatus

  • pectoralis major

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Teres Major (Posterior) of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: INFERIOR scapula

• Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus 

• Action(s): EX INR AD 

  • EXtension 

  • INternal rotation

  • ADduction

• Antagonist: DTPminor

  • Deltoid, 

  • Trapezius, 

  • Pectoralis MINOR*

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Infraspinatus (Posterior) - Part of the rotator cuff of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: POSTERIOR scapula 

• Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

• Action(s): 

  • Extension,

  •  EXternal rotation , 

  • horizontal ABduction 

• Antagonist: 

  • Serratus anterior, 

  • Pectoralis major

  • Pectoralis MINOR,

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Teres Minor (Posterior) - Part of the rotator cuff of the SHOULDER JOINT

• Origin: POSTERIOR scapula (lateral border)

• Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus (posterior)

• Action(s): 

  • extension, 

  • external rotation, 

  • horizontal ABduction

• Antagonist: STLsD

  • serratus anterior,

  • trapezius, 

  • deltoid, 

  •  levator scapulae*

Name the 4 muscles that make up the rotator cuff

Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

What are the 8 muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints?

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Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres, pronator quadratus, triceps brachii, anconeus, and supinator muscle

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Biceps Brachii (Elbow flexors - generally anterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: 

  • long head: SUPRAglenoid tubercle

  • short head: coraCOID process of SCAPULA

• Insertion: radial tuberosity 

• Action(s):  

  • Supination of the forearm

  • Flexion of the elbow

  • Horizontal adduction of the shoulder joint

  • Weak flexion of the shoulder joint

  • Weak abduction of the shoulder joint

• Antagonist: triceps brachii

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Brachialis (Elbow flexors - generally anterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: DISTAL ANTERIOR shaft of the HUMERUS

• Insertion: coroNOID process of the ULNA

• Action(s): ELBOW FLEXION

• Antagonist: tricep brachii*

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Brachioradialis (Elbow flexors - generally anterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: DISTAL⅔ of the LATERAL SUPRACONDYLAR RIDGE of the HUMERUS

• Insertion: LATERAL SURFACE DISTAL RADIUS @ STYLOID PROCESS

• Action(s): 

  • ELBOW FLEXION

  • Pronation from supination to neutral 

  • Supination from pronation to neutral 

Antagonist: triceps brachii and ACRONEUS**

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Pronator Teres (Elbow flexors - generally anterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: DISTAL MEDIAL SUPRACONDYLAR RIDGE HUMERUS and MEDIAL SIDE of the PROXIMAL ulna

• Insertion:  LATERAL  (MIDDLE⅓) RADIUS

• Action(s): 

  • PRONATION of the forearm, 

  • WEAK ELBOW FLEXION

• Antagonist: supinator muscles

What is number 1 in the picture

Origin

What is number 2 in the picture

Insertion

What is number 3 in the picture

Pronator quadratus muscle

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Pronator Quadratus (Radioulnar pronators - generally anterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: DISTAL ¼ of the ANTERIOR side of the ULNA

• Insertion: DISTAL ¼ of the ANTERIOR side of the RADIUS

• Action(s): pronation of the forearm 

• Antagonist: Supinator*

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Triceps Brachii (Elbow extensors - Posterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: 

  • LONG HEAD: INFRAglenoid tubercle of scapula

  • LATERAL head: POSTERIOR surface of HUMERUS, SUPERIOR TO RADIAL GROOVE

  • MEDIAL head: POSTERIOR surface of HUMERUS, INFERIOR TO RADIAL GROOVE

• Insertion: OLECRANON process of ULNA

• Action(s): 

  • EXtension,

  • ADduction

• Antagonist: biceps brachii 

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Anconeus (Elbow extensors - Posterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: POSTERIOR   LATERAL CONDYLE (HUMERUS)

• Insertion: POSTERIOR  LATERAL OLECRANON PROCESSES and PROXIMAL ¼ of the ULNA

• Action(s): 

  • ELBOW EXTENSION

• Antagonist:

  •  BICEPS BRACHII

  •  brachioRADIALIS

List the Origin, Insertion, Actions, and Antagonist of the Supinator Muscle (Radioulnar Supinators - Posterior) of the ELBOW AND RADIOULNAR JOINTS

• Origin: LATERAL EPICONDYLE of the HUMERUS and NEIGHBORING POSTERIOR ULNA

• Insertion: LATERAL surface of the PROXIMAL RADIUS (BELOW HEAD)

• Action(s): supination of the forearm 

• Antagonist: pronator quadratus

Draw a line from the glenohumeral movement to the corresponding shoulder girdle movement(s)

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Fill in the blank, according to the picture above the statement:

The _____, ______, ______ muscles cause _____ to occur in the _____ plane about the ______axis.

RESTATE THE ENTIRE SENTENCE WITH THE ANSWER.

The biceps, brachioradialis, brachialis muscles cause flexion to occur in the sagittal plane about the frontal axis.

Fill in the blank, according to the picture above the statement:
Extension of the elbow:

The ______, _____ muscles cause _______ to occur in the _____ plane about the _____ axis.

RESTATE THE ENTIRE SENTENCE WITH THE ANSWER.

The triceps brachii, anconeus muscles cause extension to occur in the sagittal plane about the frontal axis.

Fill in the blank, according to the picture above the statement:
Extension of the elbow:

The ______, _______, ________ muscles cause ______ to occur in the ________ plane about the ________ axis.

RESTATE THE ENTIRE SENTENCE WITH THE ANSWER.

The pronator teres, pronator quadratus, brachioradialis muscles cause pronation to occur in the transverse plane about the vertical axis.

Fill in the blank, according to the picture above the statement:
Extension of the elbow:

The ______, _______, _______ muscles cause ________ to occur in the ________ plane about the vertical axis.

RESTATE THE ENTIRE SENTENCE WITH THE ANSWER.

The supinator, brachioradialis, biceps muscles cause supination to occur in the transverse plane about the vertical axis.

What are the 8 key bony landmarks of the scapula in the skeleton of the upper thorax and upper extremity?

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supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, subscapular fossa, spine of the scapula, glenoid cavity, coracoid process, inferior angle, and acromion process.

These are the bony landmarks of what?

1. Supraspinous fossa

2. Infraspinous fossa

3. Subscapular fossa

4. Spine of the scapula

5. Glenoid cavity

6. Coracoid process

7. Inferior angle

8. Acromion process

scapula in the skeleton of the upper thorax and upper extremity

What bones are involved in the formation of the elbow joint?

The bones involved in the formation of the elbow joint are the humerus, radius, and ulna

Which bones articulate in the radioulnar joints?

The radioulnar joints articulate between the radius and ulna.

How are the elbow joint and radioulnar joint intimately associated?

The elbow joint and radioulnar joint are intimately associated because both bones of the radioulnar joint, the radius and ulna, share an articulation with the humerus to form the elbow joint.

During the pushing up (lifting) phase of the push-up, what is the force providing movement: Muscles or Gravity?

Muscles

What are the 3 muscles are responsible for the lifting phase of a push-up?

pectoral muscles, triceps, and anterior deltoid

What type of muscle contraction is occurring during the pushing up phase of a push-up? (Isometric, Concentric, Eccentric)

Concentric contraction

Two muscles extend the elbow during a push-up. What are these muscles?

Triceps brachii and anconeus (Push ups demand strenuous contraction of these muscles)

What movement is occurring at the shoulder girdle during a push-up, and which muscles contribute to this movement?

Movement: Protraction at the scapula, Abduction at the shoulder girdle

Muscles: Serratus anterior (stabilizes), Pectoralis minor

What movement occurs at the shoulder joint during a push-up, and which muscles contribute to this movement?

Movement: Horizontal adduction, Flexion at the shoulder joint

Muscles: Deltoids (anterior), Pectoralis major

What movement occurs at the elbow during a push-up, and which muscles contribute to this movement?

Movement: Extension (concentric contraction)

Muscles: Triceps

What movement occurs at the elbow during the lowering phase of a push-up?

Elbow flexion

During the lowering phase of the pull-up, what is the force providing movement? Muscles or Gravity?

Gravity

What type of contraction is occurring in muscles during the lowering phase of the pull-up?

Eccentric (in eccentric movement, resistance always wins)

What muscles are concentrically contracting during the lowering phase of the pull-up?

Friends answer:
During the lowering phase of the pull up it should be ECCENTRIC movements.

Google’s answer:

None (Concentric contractions occur during the lifting or upward phase of the pull-up)

What movement should occur at the shoulder during the lowering phase of the pull-up? What muscles are contributing to this movement?

Movement: Upward rotation

Muscles contributing: Lower pectoralis major, upper lat dorsi, and teres major

What movement is occurring at the shoulder joint during the lowering phase of the pull-up? What muscles are contributing to this movement?

Movement: ABduction

Muscle contributing: Rear Delts

What movement is occurring at the elbow during the lowering phase of the pull-up? What muscles are contributing to this movement?

Movement: Elbow extension
Muscle contributing: Eccentric triceps