Inferential Statistics and Descriptive Statistics Definitions

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms in Inferential Statistics and Descriptive Statistics based on the provided lecture notes.

INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

Statistical data that allows one to generalize
ocken to infer from sample data the probability of something being true of a population.

META-ANALYSIS

A statistical method that combines data from multiple independent studies on the same research topic to produce a more robust, reliable, and precise estimate of an effect or relationship than any single study could.

STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE

A statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance.

EFFECT SIZE

The standardized measure of the magnitude or practical significance of a statistical result.

MODE

The most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.

MEAN

The arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores.

MEDIAN

The middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it.

SKEWED DISTRIBUTION

A representation of scores that lack symmetry around their average value.

PERCENTILE RANK

Indicates the percentage of scores in a distribution that are at or below a particular score, showing how a person's performance compares to a reference group.

RANGE

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.

STANDARD DEVIATION

A computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.

NORMAL CURVE

A symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean and fewer near the extremes.