Question Bank

Which of the following countries follows the low land area to farmer ratio model, focusing on mechanization to increase yields and cropping intensities?

Japan

Which country does NOT follow the Japanese model of mechanization motivated by low land area to farmer ratio?

USA

What is considered the core of agricultural machinery manufacturing, marketing, and after-sales service?

AMMDA

Which organization serves as the Philippine counterpart of the Regional Network for Agricultural Machinery (RNAM) and conducts research and extension on agricultural mechanization?

AMDP

The introduction of machinery, such as tractors and harvesters, which replaced manual labor and increased productivity.

Agriculture 2.0

It represents the ongoing digital revolution in farming. It is characterized by the convergence of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, and big data analytics.

Agriculture 4.0

Any soil manipulation which changes the structure of the soil, kills weeds and rearranges dead plant materials.

Tillage

You are managing a production facility and need to choose between one large machine and two smaller machines for your operations. Which option is more advantageous if you want to minimize total stoppage and ensure continued production in case of equipment failure?

Two smaller machines

A farmer needs to prepare a new field that hasn’t been cultivated in years. The soil is compacted and needs deep cutting and loosening to improve aeration and water absorption. Which type of tillage and implement should the farmer use?

Primary Tillage

Rotavators and floating tillers are what type of tillage?

General-purpose tillage

Secondary tillage prepare the soil up to what to depth?

3” to 6”

The width of cut is influenced by the following factors EXCEPT

Speed

Refers to the trench left equal to two furrows when furrowslices are thrown on opposite sides.

Deadfurrow

It refers to the central part where the various components of the plow are attached.

Frog

It cuts the soil to a depth of 6” to 18 “.

Moldboard plow

While adjusting a moldboard plow, a farmer bends the point of the share outward toward the unplowed land to ensure it cuts the proper width. Which clearance is being adjusted?

Horizontal clearance

A farm technician wants to determine the size of a moldboard plow bottom. Which measurement should he take?

Perpendicular distance between the wing and the point of the share

A farmer switches from a sliding moldboard plow to a plow with a rotating bottom to reduce friction during operation. Which implement is he using?

Disc plow

What is the range of degrees for the tilt angle that allows a disc to penetrate the soil to the proper depth?

15-25 degrees

What is the required force to pull a single moldboard plow on a clay loam soil having 30 cm and 15 cm width and depth of cut, respectively. Soil draft is 8 psi and the average speed is 5 kph.

4.6 hp

A power tiller was tested on a 10-m wide plot. During the test, machine made 22 rounds to complete the plowing operation using two 0.3 m-diameter plow. What is the average swath of power tiler?

0.23 m

A power tiller was tested on a 10-m wide plot. During the test, machine made 22 rounds to complete the plowing operation using two 0.3 m-diameter plow. Compute for the disc angle of plow.

50°

The average swath of the power tiller was found to be 0.56 m. During the test, the machine made 12 rounds to complete the plowing operation using two plows, each with a 0.7 m diameter, set at a disc angle of 60 degrees. Determine diameter of plow and the width of the plot where the test was conducted

0.65 m; 13.44 m

Determine the hectares plowed when a tractor is operating at 5.7 kph for 6 hours and is pulling four 42-cm moldboard bottoms at a depth of 15 cm if field efficiency is 82%.

4.71 ha

Effective width of a cut of a single-bottom moldboard plow drawn by a power tiller is 10 cm. If machine is used to plow 2ha farm, what would be the distance traveled?

200 km

Type of plowing where field is plowed in continuous circuits, starting either the center of the field or from the outer edge.

Round-about plowing

In a disc harrow, which component is made up of a number of discs mounted on a common axle?

Disc gang

A farmer is using a disc harrow with four gangs of discs— two gangs in front arranged like a single-action harrow, and two more gangs at the rear. What type of disc harrow is this?

Double-action disc harrow

It consists of long rigid spikes clamped or welded to crossbars in a staggered arrangement for maximum stirring and raking of the soil, with crossbars that can be rotated to change the angle of the teeth.

Spike-tooth harrow

What is the cutting width of single-disk harrow set at 18 degrees working angle containing 20 disks spaced at 30 cm? Disk diameter is 40 cm.

5.82 m

What is the cutting width of tandem-disk at 18 degrees working angle containing 20 disks spaced at 30 cm? Disk diameter is 40 cm.

6.18 m

A tillage action and transport operations utilized load, to loosen, carry, unload soil

earthmoving

Tillage operation which move soil to create desired soil configurations

land forming

Primary tillage operation which manipulates soil to a greater depth than 300 mm

Deep tillage

Subsoiling under the plant row prior to planting usually intended for subsurface drainage

precision tillage

Tillage system in which only isolated bands of soil is tilled

strip tillage

In conservation tillage system, what is the minimum percentage of residue cover being maintained on the soil surface after planting ?

30

In tillage operation, this is the is the reverse of middle breaking or hilling up.

off barring

Tillage tools which are powered so that some of their movements are in direction other than along the line of travel

dynamic

Height of soil above a specified (initial or subsequent) surface

AOTA

A farmer plans to plant corn seeds in rows with a spacing of 40 cm between each row. The goal is to ensure proper alignment for future machinery operations, such as spraying or cultivating. Which type of planter should the farmer use?

Row-crop drill planter

The ground wheel of a planter is normally related to the operation of the

metering device

The fertility of a field is such that maximum corn yields are obtained with a population of 72,000 plants per hectare. The rows are 0.85 m apart and an average emergence of 75 percent is expected. How many seeds per hill should be planted if the hills are 0.7 m apart?

6/May

If the speed ratio of the groundwheel over seedplate of a two-row corn planter is 5.0, determine the plant population per hectare. Row spacing is 75 cm. Groundwheel diameter is 60 cm. Ave. no. of seeds per hill is 2. No. of cells of seedplate is 25. Ave. emergence of seeds is 85%.

60, 125.20 plants/ha

Using the specifications of the transmission system of the metering device (horizontal seed plate) of the two-row corn planter, determine the expected hill spacing. Row spacing = 75 cm, groundwheel diameter = 60 cm, no. of cells of seedplate = 20, T1 = 6t, T2 = 18t, T3 = 10t and T4 = 25t

0.71m

A field measuring 45x90m is to be prepared using a 1m upland power tiller at a speed of 3kph. Assume a 10% overlap between passing’s and 9 seconds turnaround time at the end of each pass. Determine actual field capacity when tilling is done along the longer field direction.

0.25 ha/hr

A 1.2m wide floating tiller is used for rotary tilling/pudding a 0.1008 ha wetland paddy field. The average speed is 3kph and turning at the headlands takes 10 seconds. What is the field efficiency if the field is worked along its length?

83.33%

During which stage of crop growth is the plant particularly vulnerable to the effects of weeds, pests, and diseases, especially impacting yield?

flowering stage

A farmer is facing a significant problem with a particular pest that is damaging his corn crop. He decides to use a method that involves introducing a specific insect that naturally preys on this pest to help manage the infestation without harming the corn plants. Which pest management strategy is the farmer employing?

Biological control

In a sprayer, which component serves as a rigid conductor that delivers the spray from the hose to the nozzle?

lance

In which type of sprayer is pressure created by adding air to a container with a fixed volume of liquid?

Compression sprayer

A farmer notices that the pesticide application on his field is inconsistent, resulting in some areas being over-treated and others under-treated. Upon reviewing his spraying process, he identifies three key factors: 1. Nozzle discharge at different pumping rates (L/min) 2. Effective working width or swath (m) 3. Walking speed (m/min)

Nozzle discharge at different pumping rates

A farmer is applying herbicide to a flat surface area. Which nozzle type is most suitable for this task?

Fan type nozzle

A farmer wishes to spray his vegetable farm at a rate of 300 gallons per hectare. 16 nozzles, 18 inches apart will be used. The forward speed of the tractor is at 5 kph. Compute the field capacity of the sprayer in ha/hr.

3.6 ha/hr

A farmer wishes to spray his vegetable farm at a rate of 300 gallons per hectare. 16 nozzles, 18 inches apart will be used. The forward speed of the tractor is at 5 kph. What is the required pump capacity for the sprayer.

18 gpm

A farmer wishes to spray his vegetable farm at a rate of 300 gallons per hectare. 16 nozzles, 18 inches apart will be used. The forward speed of the tractor is at 5 kph. What is the capacity per nozzle?

1.3 gpm

Walking in the rice field operating the sprayer with a spray swath of 1 m, a person covers 20 m/min. If nozzle discharge is 0.4 L/min, what is the application rate?

200 L/ha

The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. The calibration test of a 16-liter knapsack sprayer is as follows: Nozzle discharge = 1.2 liters/min, swath = 1.5 m and walking speed = 20 m/min Determine the total volume of water applied per hectare

400 L/ha

The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. The calibration test of a 16-liter knapsack sprayer is as follows: Nozzle discharge = 1.2 liters/min, swath = 1.5 m and walking speed = 20 m/min Determine the amount of chemical to mix with water per loading.

160 grams/load

What is a widely accepted criterion for determining the required pump capacity in agricultural irrigation?

The highest daily water requirement of the crop

What are the two parameters used in selecting size of pumps?

Head and discharge

What is the theoretical maximum height that water can be lifted using suction?

33 ft

1000 gpm of water is pumped from a river to a farm 150 ft above river. What is required HP to drive pump, considering a pump efficiency of 70% and friction and other losses of 20% of static head.

64.9 hp

A pump discharges 4 lps at a head of 6 m is driven by an electric motor. The input current of motor is 1.5 amp while input voltage is 220 V. What is the overall efficiency of pump if motor power actor is 0.98.

72.70%

Determine the size of the centrifugal pump and air-cooled diesel engine to use for a 1.5 ha field planted to lowland rice. The field is to be irrigated for 12 hours every 2 days. Source of water is a well with the following data: a. Static water level = 8 ft b. Specific yield = 12 gpm/ft DD c. Discharge head = 0 ft d. Friction and velocity head = 2 ft e. Efficiency of transmission, pump, air-cooled diesel= 0.95, 0.70, 0.52 f. Discharge = 120 gpm

2HP

According to IRRI, how many liters of water are required to produce 1 kilogram of rice in an irrigated lowland production system?

1,432 liters

Which type of harvester cuts the standing crop and lays it in an orderly manner without binding it?

Reaper-windrower

What cutting mechanism involves a scissor-type action between moving and stationary blades?

Two-element scissor-type action

A 4 m wide combine travelling at 6 kph can empty its 2-ton tanks in 3 minutes. When unloading on-the go, it has 80% field efficiency. Field yield is 4 tons/ha. What would be the efficiency if the combine stopped to unload.

66.67%

A 6-m self-propelled combine makes an average stop of 5 minutes every time its 2-ton grain tank is to be unloaded. The yield of the 24-ha field is 30 tons. The operating speed is 4.0 kph. The time for turning on the headland at the ends of the 500-m field is 15 seconds. What is the field efficiency?

86.25%

Under load rotates at 1200 rpm and at no load, 1125 rpm. What is the percent slippage of tractor drive wheel?

6.25%

A 15-meter wheel axle hp tractor is running at a speed of 10 kph during harrowing in a deep mud soil. The tractor weighs 500 kg. The wheel diameter of the tractor is 2 m and is able to rotate at 14 revolutions in 100 m distance. The rolling resistance is 0.25 rolling coefficient

13.68%

It is a type of manual weeder that uses blade and tine soil-working parts with short, medium, or long handles.

Hand-held weeder

Determine the performance index of an animal drawn weeder that has a working width of 10 inches if the weeding index is 85% and field efficiency is 80%. The sped of operation is 3 kph. During the weeding operation, a 12.5% damage was observed. Assume that weeder will be powered by animal.

453.49 ha/hp-hr

Process of separating the grains from the straw.

threshing

In this system, harvesting is done manually while threshing is carried out mechanically

cinventional

The panicle is made to pass between two bars of “V” configuration to separate the grains from the straw.

stripping

What is the field efficiency of rice combine harvester?

75%

What is the major factor affecting choice of machine?

timeliness of operation

A farmer is preparing for rice harvest. To make the soil firm enough for easier harvesting and machine movement, when should the field be drained before harvesting?

1–1.5 weeks before harvesting

A machine that cuts the standing crop, conveys the cut crop to one side, and lays them down in an orderly manner.

Reapers-windrower

What mechanism is employed in sickels?

Slicing/tearing action

What mechanism is employed in combines?

scissor type action

In a routine check before using the tractor, what should be checked first?

brake

The output of man treading is

24 kg/hr

Before using a tractor for the day, you perform a BLOWBAGETS inspection. You notice that the water level in the radiator is below the recommended level. What should you do?

Turn off the tractor, let the engine cool, then refill the radiator.

While checking the tires of your tractor, you notice that one tire has a slightly lower pressure than the others. What is the best course of action?

Inflate the tire to the manufacturer's recommended PSI level

During your tractor inspection, you find that the brake fluid level is lower than normal. What should you do?

Inspect for potential leaks before refilling the fluid.

The time rate of doing work or delivering energy, expressed as the amount of work W done or energy transferred divided by the time elapsed t, computed as W/t, is called

power

What is the nominal battery voltage of a 4-wheel, 90-hp tractor?

12 Vdc

A 24-volt combine harvester battery needs replacement. Two 12-volt batteries will be used. How should they be connected

series

The 12-volt battery of a boom sprayer is drained. Another 12-volt vehicle battery is available, with jumper wires. How should the batteries be connected for starting?

parallel

A 12-volt boom sprayer battery needs charging in the field using 6-volt solar modules, with 2 modules in parallel to speed up charging. How many solar modules are needed?

4

A tractor cannot start due to defective battery. It is being pushed by workers while lever is set to first gear. What should be foot-pressed and released abruptly to start engine?

clutch

To gradually move a tractor from stop, what should be released while pressing the accelerator?

clutch

To slow down a tractor running in first gear on flat land, what should be foot-pressed?

clutch

To gradually stop a fast-running tractor, what should be foot pressed?

clutch and brake

What is the safest gear setting for a tractor descending a 10% slope?

1st gear

The connection to the tractor of an erratic battery is to be stopped quickly. What battery terminal should be disconnected first?

positive

A new battery is to be installed to a tractor. What battery terminal should be connected first?

negative