chemistry exam final

Identify the instrument that is used to determine the mass of an atom.

Mass spectrometer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Nonmetals are located on the right side of the periodic table.

All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportions of their constituent elements. Which law does this refer to?

Law of Definite Proportions

Which of the following does NOT describe a metal?

tends to gain electrons

In the same element, ions differ in the number of

Electrons

Predict the charge of a phosphorus ion.

-3

Semiconductors are

Metalloids

Identify the largest subatomic particle.

A neutron

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Argon is fairly unreactive.

Identify how the atomic mass of an element is determined.

average mass of the isotopes that compose that element

Identify the purple halogen.

Iodine

Describe a step in Millikan's experiment.

Oil was sprayed into fine droplets with an atomizer.

Identify the smallest subatomic particle..

An electron

What does "X" represent in the following symbol? 28

14

X

silicon

Which of the following statements about isotopes is TRUE?

A mass spectrometer can detect the different isotopes.

Predict the charge of an aluminum ion.

3+

Which of the following describes a nonmetal?

are poor conductors of heat

The atomic mass for cadmium is

112.41

From his research, identify the property NOT observed by Thomson.

Electrons carry a positive charge

Which of the following statements is FALSE according to Dalton's Atomic Theory?

An atom of nitrogen can be broken down into smaller particles that will still have the unique properties of nitrogen.

The mass number is equal to

the sum of the number of the electrons and protons.

Which of the following statements about subatomic particles is FALSE?

Protons have about the same mass as electrons.

In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed. Which law does this refer to?

Law of the Conservation of Mass

When two elements form two different compounds, the masses of element B that combine with 1 g of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers. Which law does this refer to?

Law of Multiple Proportions

An ionic bond is best described as

the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Identify the element that bromine forms a covalent bond with.

carbon

Identify the products of a combustion reaction of an alcohol.

Carbon dioxide and water

A covalent bond is best described as

The sharing of electrons between atoms.

Classify HBr.

Molecular compound

Identify the element whose ion only exists as 1+.

Potassium

In which set do all elements tend to form anions in binary ionic compounds?

Se, F, CI

Give the name for HNO3.

Nitric acid

Which of the following is a molecular element?

Fluorine

Identify a characteristic that is NOT true of halogens.

halogens are metalloids

Identify the element that iodine forms an ionic bond with.

Lithium

Define a greenhouse gas

Greenhouse gases allow visible light to pass through and warm the Earth's surface, and prevent heat energy from radiating back out into space.

Which of the following exists as a diatomic molecule?

Oxygen

According to the kinetic molecular theory of gases, a gas can be compressed much more than a liquid or solid because

The particles of a gas are very far apart

The mass number is equal to

the sum of the number of protons and neutrons.

An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is called a

Barometer

Which of the following does NOT describe a metal?

tends to gain electrons

Identify the product of the reaction of iron with chlorine.

FeCl3

Choose the statement below that is FALSE.

A strong acid solution consists of only partially ionized acid molecules.

What pressure would a gas mixture in a 10.0 L tank exert if it were composed of 48.5 g He and 94.6 g CO2 at 398 K?

46.6 atm

What is the volume of 11.2 g of O2 at 7.78 atm and 415 K?

1.53 L

At STP, temperature and pressure have the values of

273 K and 760 mmHg

Define work.

The result of a force acting through a distance

While traveling, an airplane passenger placed a bag of potato chips in his checked luggage. When he opened the luggage, the bag had exploded and potato chips were everywhere in his luggage. Which gas law is this an example of?

Boyles law

A sample of argon at 300. °C and 50.0 atm pressure is cooled in the same container to a temperature of 0. °C. What is the new pressure, if the volume and amount of gas do not change?

23.8 atm

From his research, identify the property NOT observed by Thomson.

Electrons carry a positive charge.

The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of a gas is known as

Boyle's Law.

Which of the following correctly describes the process of inspiration (air entering the lungs)?

The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to decrease.

In Lhasa. Tibet, the elevation is 12,000 feet. The altimeter reading in an airplane is 19.50 in Hg. This pressure is equal to ____ torr.

495

The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressure of its components is known as

Dalton's Law

What temperature scale is used in gas law calculations?

Kelvin

Define heat.

The flow of energy caused by a temperature difference

An instrument used to measure blood pressure is called a

Sphygmomanometer

Determine the oxidizing agent in the following reaction.

Ni(s) + 2 AgCIO4(aq) → Ni(ClO4)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s)

AgClO4

To what temperature must a balloon, initially at 9°C and 4.00 L, be heated in order to have a volume of 6.00 L?

423K

An endothermic reaction has

A positive AH, absorbs heat from the surroundings, and feels cold to the touch.

Determine the limiting reactant (LR) and the mass (in g) of nitrogen that can be formed from 50.0 g N2O4 and 45.0 g N2H4. Some possibly useful molar masses are as follows:

N2O4 = 92.02 g/mol, N2H4 = 32.05 g/mol.

N2O4(/) + 2 N2H4(1)→3 N2(g) + 4 H2O(g)

LR =N204, 45.7 g N2 formed

A sample of gas initially has a volume of 859 mL at 565 K and 2.20 atm. What pressure will the sample have if the volume changes to 268 mL while the temperature is increased to 815 K?

10.2 atm

The force of gas particles against the walls of a container is called

Pressure

All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportions of their constituent elements. Which law does this refer to?

Law of Definite Proportions

Which of the following signs on q and w represent a system that is doing work on the surroundings, as well as gaining heat from the surroundings?

q = +, w=-

Define energy.

The capacity to do work