FunctionalGroups

Ether

oxygen single bonded to 2 carbons

hydroxy

oxygen with 2 lone pairs bonded to a hydrogen atom (and to one other atom)

amine

nitrogen atom having one lone pair and bonded to 2 hydrogens (and one other atom)

halo

carbon-halogen bond

ketone

carbon double bonded to oxygen and 2 other atoms

aldehyde

carbon double bonded to oxygen, single bonded to hydrogen, and bonded to one other atom

carbonxylic

carbon double bonded to one xygen, single bonded to one oxygen (oxygen is then bonded to a hydrogen) and single bonded to one other atom

phenyl

big circle of carbons single and double bonded with hydrogens on outside and one other atom

alcohol

oxygen single bonded to hydrogen and one other atom (2 lone pairs)

amide

carbon bonded to one atom, double bonded to oxygen, and bonded to nitrogen; nitrogen is bonded to hydrogen and one other atom (one lone pair on nitrogen)

alkoxy

anything with oxygen