s12

STAMEN

Male part of the flower

anther

produces pollen

pistil

Female part of the flower

stigma

The sticky part of a flower's carpel, which receives pollen grain.

sepal

A leaflike structure that encloses the bud of a flower.

ovary

produces eggs

ovules

female reproductive cell

style

The stalk of a flower's carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top.

cross pollinate

to fertilize a flower with the pollen from another flower

self pollinate

fertilize itself

fertilization

Fusion of an egg and sperm cell

embryo

An organism in the earliest stage of development

fruit

A mature ovary of a flower that protects dormant seeds and aids in their dispersal.

germinate

begin to grow

cotyledon

seed leaf

seed coat

The outer covering of a seed

gynmosperms

Oldest trees alive

angiosperms

flowering plants that produce seeds in fruit

spore

smaller than seed

ferns and mosses

reproduce from spores

fruiting bodies

fungi produce spores in reproductive structures

Placental development

as the trophoblast cords (little projectile fingers) are attaching to the endometrial linking of the uterus blood capillaries are growing into the t-cords from the vascular system of the newly forming embryo

about 21 days after fertilization, blood also begins to be pumped by the heart of the embryo

simultaneously, blood sinuses supplied with blood from the mother develop around the outsides of the trophoblastic cords

the trophblastic cells send out more and more projections(cords), which become placental villi into which FETAL capillaries grow

villi, carrying fetal blood are surrounded by sinuses that contain maternal blood (they do not mix)

in the final structure, the fetal blood flows out of the fetus to the placenta in 2 umbilical arteries to the capillaries of the villi and then back through a single umbilical vein into the fetus

at the same time, the mothers blood flows from her uterine arteries into the large maternal sinuses that surround the villi and then back to the uterine veins of the mother

nutrients and other substances pass through the placental membrane (aka syncitium) mainly by diffusion

complete at 12 weeks, grows until 20 weeks

marsupial development

The process which an animal is given birth at a young age, at day 1 process is slow

day 2 its growing bigger

day 10 the animal is now as big as the average thumb

at day 67 the animal is fully developed and can now exit the pouch no longer a joey

gestation

period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

marsupial

pouched mammal (like a kangaroo)

asexual reproduction

Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself

unicellular organism

An organism made up of one cell.

budding

a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent

regeneration

The ability to regrow a missing part of the body

Fragmentation

A means of asexual reproduction whereby a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals.

vegetative reproduction

asexual reproduction in which offspring grow from a part of a parent plant