sponge-marine science

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Porifera means

pore-bearing

Diploblast; lack true tissues, only have cells

Sponge tissue organization

No

Do sponges have body cavities?

Asymmetry

What kind of symmetry do sponges have?

Sessile

What is the mode of locomotion for a sponge?

Can reproduce sexually, but mainly asexually reproduce because less energy and of a harsh marine environment

Do sponges sexually or asexually reproduce?

Sort of; they are classified to have a hydroskeleton but truly have spicules and spongin for support

Do sponges have a skeletal system? What is it?

No

Do sponges have nervous systems?

Intracellular Digestion (one hole that serves as mouth and anus)

What kind of digestive system does a sponge have?

No, use water

Do sponges have circulatory systems?

Cell diffusion

How does a sponge’s respiratory system work?

Aquatic environments (salt and fresh)

Where are sponges found?

simple

Sponges are considered the most ___ multicellular animals

8500

How many species of sponges are there?

Can live in both polar and tropical climates but prefer shallow, tropical waters

Which parts of the earth are sponges found?

5-50 meters

How deep do sponges live?

Critical to nutrient cycles in coral reef systems

Create homes for small organisms against predators

2 reasons why sponges are important

Heterotrophic, multicellular, no cell wall

Why are sponges considered animals? (3 reasons)

Consist mainly of collagen that contain microscopic spicules

How are sponges structured? (what are they made of)

Spicules

Microscopic, brittle structures that give sponges their rigid form

Rely on a constant flow of water

How do sponges get food and oxygen?

Water flows in through ostia

Water flows out through the osculum

How does water flow in and out of the sponge?

Ostia

Numerous tiny pores on the surface of the sponge where water flows in

Osculum

Big opening at the top of the sponge where water flows out

Filter feeders; the flagellum of choanocytes create small currents that pull the water through the porocytes of the sponge, and the food particles get stuck in the sticky collar of the choanocytes

What kind of feeders are sponges? How does this work?

Another name for choanocytes

Collar cells

Mesohyl/mesoglea

Gelatinous matrix, made of collagen

Choanocyte

form inner lining of sponge, contain flagellum which create currents and sticky collars that trap food

Scierocyte

Forms the spicules

Pinacocyte

Outer layer of cells

Porocytes

Tube-like pores where water enters

Amoebocyte

Undifferentiated cells, assist in feeding

Oocyte

Egg cells

Budding

a method of asexual reproduction in which a sponge grows a bud on their surface area until the bud detaches, is carried away, and starts a new life as a sponge

Hermaphroditsim

a sexual reproduction method in which the sponge producing gametes (both sperm and egg)