thoracic cage - A&P test 2/19

two sites for red blood cell formation are the:

sternum

ribs

name the section of cartilage that connects the anterior end of the rib to the sternum

costal cartilage

T or F

the 11th and 12th ribs are classified as both false and floating ribs

true

which bone classification are ribs?

flat bone

which bone classification is the sternum?

flat bone

what articulates with the articular facets located just lateral to the manubrial notch?

clavicals

the _____ of the rib is the point at which the shaft curves forward

costal angle

the _____ extremity is located at the anterior end of the rib

sternal

true ribs are also known as:

vertebrosternal ribs

false ribs pairs 8 through 10 are also known as:

vertebrochondral ribs

floating ribs are also known as:

vertebral ribs

the head, neck , and tubercle are located on the _____ extremity of a rib

vertebral/end

blood vessels and nerves are housed in what part of the rib?

costal groove

the _____ space is located between adjacent ribs

intercostal (costal)

the joint between the anterior tip of a rib and its costal cartilage is a:

costochondral joint

the rounded projection on the posterior end of a rib that articulates with the body of a thoracic vertebra is the:

head

which ribs do not articulate with transverse processes?

11th and 12th

which joints connect the costal cartilages of the 7th 8th 9th and 10th ribs?

interchondral joints

the constricted area of a rib just lateral to the head is the:

neck

which pairs of ribs attach directly to the body of the sternum?

3rd-7th pairs

a depressed sternum is known as:

pectus excavatum

in the normal adult, the ribs are subdivided into 3 types based upon their:

sternal attachments

the posterior rib articulation with the body of a thoracic vertebra is called:

costovertebral joint

the sternum has a small, pointed process (xiphoid) on its inferior surface - this is a useful landmark in the location of the level of the:

10th thoracic vertebra

the last two pairs of ribs are classified as floating ribs because the have:

no sternal attachments

the sternal or manubrial notch is often employed for the localization of the:

2nd thoracic vertebra

the manubrium serves for the point of attachment for the costal cartilage of the first:

two pairs of ribs

the first seven pairs are classified as:

true ribs

the usual points of articulation between the ribs and a thoracic vertebra are the:

1. the body and spinous process

2. lamina and pedicle

3. transverse process and body

3. transverse process and body

the bony ridge formed by the junction of the 2 upper portions of the sternum is called the:

sternal angle

list the names and quantity of the structures that form the bony thorax

sternum - 1

ribs - 12

thoracic vertebrae - 12

what is the purpose of the bony thorax?

to protect the heart and lungs

what is the formal name for the breastbone?

sternum

name the parts of the sternum

manubrium

body (gladiolus)

xiphoid (ensiform) process

what is the approximate length of the sternum for the average adult?

6 inches

how many parts compose the sternum?

3

which pairs of ribs attach their costal cartilage to the lateral borders of the sternum?

the first 7 pairs

which part of the sternum supports the sternal ends of the clavicles?

manubrium

what is the name for the most superior part of the sternum?

manubrium

what is the name for the middle part of the sternum?

body or gladiolus

which is the distal part of the sternum?

xiphoid process or ensiform process

what is the name of the notch found on the superior border of the sternum?

jugular notch

the jugular notch is found anterior to which precise location of the thoracic vertebral column?

the disk space between T2 and T3

where is the sternal angle located?

at the junction of manubrium and sternal body

to which location of the thoracic column does the sternal angle correspond?

the disk space between T4 and T5

to which location of the thoracic column does the xiphoid process correspond?

T10

what determines whether a particular rib is a true rib or a false rib?

its anterior articulations

what pairs of ribs are classified as true ribs?

the first seven

what pairs of ribs are classified as false ribs?

8-12

what pairs of ribs are referred to as "floating" ribs

11 and 12

what structures form costovertebral joints?

heads of ribs with thoracic vertebral bodies

with which structures do costal tubercles articulate?

transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

what part of the sternum articulates with the anterior ends of the first pair of ribs to form the first sternocostal joints?

manubrium

T or F

the anterior end of a rib generally is located 3 to 5 inches below the level of its head

true

T or F

ribs increase in thickness the closer they are to the lumbar column

false

all of the following comprise the bony thorax except for:

a. sternum

b. 12 pairs of ribs

c. 12 thoracic vertebrae

d. scapulae

d. scapulae

what is the proper name for that structure commonly called the breastbone?

sternum

which three bony parts compose the sternum?

manubrium

body (gladiolus)

xiphoid process (esniform)

what part of the sternum is most superior?

manubrium

which of the following articulates with the articular facets located just lateral to the jugular notch?

clavicles

the junction of which structures creates the sternal angle?

manubrium and sternal body

which part of the sternum is the elongated central portion?

body

where on the sternum is the jugular notch located?

superior border of the manubrium

what is the smallest part of the sternum?

xiphoid process

which part of the sternum is located at the level of T10?

xiphoid process

with which part of the sternum does the first pair of ribs articulate?

lateral border of the manubrium

which classification refers to ribs that attach their costal cartilages directly to the sternum?

true

which classification refers to ribs that have no anterior attachments?

floating

which classification refers to the 8th-12th pair of ribs?

false

which pairs of ribs are classified as true ribs?

first 7 pairs

how many pairs of ribs are classified as floating ribs?

2

which articulation is formed in part with the head of a rib?

costovertebral

with which structures does the head of rib articulate?

demifacets of thoracic vertebrae

which articulation involves the tubercle of a rib?

costotransverse