life in the south for black americans - post ww1

what were the jim crow laws?

laws about how to travel, schools, where to live etc -every aspect of life was segregated

what was the 14th amendment?

used to forbid states from depriving any person of 'life, liberty or property without due process of law' and from denying anyone equal protection under law

what did courts argue despite the 14th amendment?

that segregation was legal as long as facilities were separate but equal

what was the 'plessy vs ferguson 1896'

'separate but equal'

how did states subtly introduce discrimination against blacks?

voters had to pass a literacy test in order to be able to vote and in some places, blacks were given harder tests

in 1919, how many anti-black riots broke out and how many were killed as a result?

25 anti-black riots and 100s were killed

how many black men were murdered between 1915-1930 due to lynching?

579

what was the KKK?

white supremacist orgnisation

who did the KKK consist of?

people with real political power e.g. state governors, police and army

who did KKK target?

anyone non-WASP or black

WASP

white anglo-saxon protestant - an american upper class or upper-middle class person who is white and of anglo-saxon ancestry - most dominant and privileged class of people in the US

what increased due to rise of the KKK?

number of lynching

violence against black often came as a result of what?

police injustice

many whites felt that segregation isn't enough and so what else was needed?

to terrorise black americans into obedience

were black americans in possession of equality post WW1?

no - they struggled for equality

what is the phrase used when it came to black americans being employed?

they were last hired and first fired

although black americans received lower levels of education, what professions did some manage to get into?

medicine and education - became doctors and teachers

did americans generally think that blacks were intelligent?

no

what kind of restrictions were there for blacks in the south?

legal

how did president wilson view segregation and why?

he had no issues with segregation as he was from the south

how did president harding view civil rights and how did he raise awareness about segregation?

he was in favour of civil rights and addressed 30,000 students at university of alabama about evils of segregation

how did blacks lose political power upon losing the chance to vote?

the government did prioritise addressing civil rights if blacks weren't voting

how did presidents harding and coolidge act regarding segregation?

they were committed to laissez faire so gave opinions but didn't enforce changes as they believed they were getting too involved

what did the supreme court say in 1896?

that segregation is possible if separate but equal