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Convenience
ask people who are easy to reach
Voluntary Response
people choose if they want to be in sample
Random Sample
Only a few are selected
Simple Random Sample
Everyone has a chance to be picked
Undercoverage
some people can’t be chosen
Nonresponse
people don’t answer
Response Bias
interviewer influences answer
Sampling Variability
samples produce different estimates
Confounding
can’t tell if the explanatory variable is explaining the response variable or some other variable
Treatment
specific condition applied in the experiment
Control Group
provides the baseline for comparing treatments
Random Assignment
RNG or slips of paper
Single Blind
participants don’t know what treatment they have
Double blind
participants AND RESEARCHERS don’t know treatment assignments