AQA A Level Geography- Changing Places (copy) (copy)

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What is space?

A container in which objects are located and human behaviour is played out- a place with no meaning attached to it.

What is place?

A space with meaning.

What geographical factors can influence our perception of place?

Previous experience, human characteristics, social expectations.

What is a sense of belonging?

An affinity for a place or situation. To feel happy or comfortable or in the right place.

What geographical factors could influence a sense of belonging?

Language spoken, sexuality, disability, age, ethnicity, etc.

What is an insider?

Someone who ‘belongs’ in an area.

What is an outsider?

Someone that doesn’t belong in an area.

What is topophilia?

A love/bond with one’s environment.

What is topophobia?

A fear/dread of a certain place.

How could sense of belonging be changed?

If we move somewhere else, things experienced, time spent there, if a place is altered.

What happens when a place is regenerated?

Regeneration schemes of places now focus on the social environment to try and have a positive impact on how people feel about a place.

What happens when a place is gentrified?

The character of a poor urban area is changed by wealthier people moving in, improving housing, and attracting new businesses, often displacing current inhabitants in the process.

What ‘excluded groups’ are there in society?

May include ethnic minorities, immigrants, and local nationals (People who were born and brought up in a place but feel separated from it.)

What are examples of different types of media?

Television, radio, newspapers, adverts, art, music, film.

What has to happen for a place to be experienced?

All senses must be stimulated- they are closely connected with memory, both recalling past ones and laying down new memories.

How does a tourism advert represent South Africa?

Country of hope, positive, bright colours and upbeat music.

How does a news report represent South Africa?

Unequal, high crime rate, electricity crisis, run-down country.

What is virtual reality?

All-enveloping artificial and fully immersive experience that obscures the natural world.

What is augmented reality?

Enhances user’s real world views with digital overlays that incorporate artificial objects.

How does poetry present Corfe?

A place of historical significance, castle has a strong importance and identity continues as the castle is still the centre of the town.

How does poetry present Newham?

Lack of structure and formality conveys the fear and violence experienced by citizens, crime and chaos is endless.

What is qualitative data?

Data that doesn’t hold a numerical value, usually people’s opinions/words/ideas.

What is quantitative data?

Numerical data that can be measured.

What are examples of qualitative data?

Literature, documentaries, adverts, media, survey responses.

What are examples of quantitative data?

Census data, crime data, counts, statistics, climate data.

How has Corfe been presented in the media?

Small, nature-orientated, welcoming, old-fashioned, positive.

How is Newham represented in the media?

Busy, ethically diverse, unsafe.

How do newspaper articles represent Corfe?

A place that is well-invested in and well looked after.

How do newspaper articles represent Newham?

A dangerous place in poor condition- people are being murdered outside their own homes and suffering from category 1 hazards due to mould.

What does placeless mean?

The idea that a particular landscape could be anywhere, because it lacks unique features- some UK high streets have been criticised for being dominated by identically branded chain stores.

What is homogenisation?

The process of making things uniform or similar.

What is globalisation?

Everywhere becoming interconnected to each other- can lead to homogenisation.

What is placelessness?

The loss of local meaning and placeness.

What are causes of placelessness?

The internet, commercialisation, TNCs, mass communication, increased global investment.

How can placelessness be managed?

Maintaining unique places, creating new meaning and identities, presenting the unique.

What is geospatial data?

Data that combines location and attribute information.

What is the population of Newham?

351,039

What percentage of those of working age are economically active in Newham?

61%

What percentage of people in Newham are 15 and under?

21.3%

What percentage of people in Newham are 65 and over?

7.2%

What percentage of people in Newham are Asian?

42.2%

What percentage of people in Newham are white?

30.8%

What percentage of people in Newham are Christian?

42.2%

What percentage of people in Newham are Muslim?

34.8

What percentage of Newham is classed as ‘not deprived?

39.3%

What percentage of people in Newham live in flats?

43.6%

What percentage of people in Newham live in detached houses?

5.5%

What percentage of people in Newham live in terraced houses?

31.3%

What percentage of people in Newham have ‘very good’ health?

51.4%

What percentage of people in Newham have ‘very bad’ health?

1.2%

How have the demographics of Newham changed over time?

Population increased by over 100,000

Percentage of white people decreased

Percentages of most ethnic minorities increased

African population decreased since 2011.

What is the total population of Corfe?

1400

What percentage of people in Corfe are aged 15 and under?

11.3%

What percentage of people in Corfe are aged 65 and over?

35.8%

What percentage of those of working age are economically active in Corfe?

51.1%

What percentage of people in Corfe are white?

98.2%

What percentage of people in Corfe are Christian?

53.6%

What percentage of people in Corfe are Muslim?

0.1%

What percentage of people in Corfe live in a flat?

3.9%

What percentage of people in Corfe have ‘very good’ health?

47.2%

What percentage of people in Corfe have ‘very bad’ health?

3.2%

What is the character of a place?

The physical and social qualities distinctive to a place that help make it unique and identifiable.

What are exogenous factors?

external factors that help shape the character of a place- relations a place has with other places.

What are endogenous factors?

Internal factors that help shape the character of a place.

What are Corfe’s endogenous factors?

History, demographics, topography, tertiary industry.

What are Corfe’s exogenous factors?

Tourism, National Trust investment, seasonal migration.

What are Newham’s endogenous factors?

Ethnicity demographics, youthful population.

What are Newham’s exogenous factors?

Mixing of cultures due to migration.

How has Newham been affected by migration socially?

Increases in racism, dependency ration lessened as migrants are of working age, strain on hospitals/school.

How has Newham been affected by migration economically?

An increase in cultural shops and restaurants helps the local economy.

How has Newham been affected by migration politically?

More human rights and equality laws have been passed.

What is cultural assimilation?

The process of a group’s language or culture coming to resemble those of another group.

What is cultural homogenisation?

The process by which local cultures are transformed or absorbed by a dominant outside culture.

Why was the Olympics held in Stratford/Newham?

It was the ideal place due to the transport links and need for regeneration.

What were the positive impacts of hosting the Olympics in Stratford/Newham?

475,000 recorded visits to Newham

100,000 people took part in free sport programmes

£44 million invested into sporting in schools

4500 aged 11-12 in greater London now practice a sport

Education levels increased by 20%

What were the negative impacts of hosting the Olympics in Stratford/Newham?

Gentrification- people were forcibly removed from their homes to build new, more expensive housing

Feel dictated by the council and the mayor

What is Catch22?

An organisation that help reform the youth employment system. A social with the heart of a charity and mindset of a business.

What are Catch22’s aims?

Delivering high quality employability programmes, developing policy to improve job prospects and pushing for systematic change.

How have Catch22 helped people in Newham?

Worked with over 30,000 people in 2013/14 by helping them develop softer skills employers want to see in order for them to secure jobs.

Why may Catch22 not be a successful way of rebranding Newham?

It is not a long term solution due to the scale of the change and accessibility of the population, the project only caters for a certain amount of people- it allows change, but only to a small group of locals.

What message does media give in Corfe?

As an outsider, you can’t try and change a rural community who are happy and have been doing the same thing for years- it is important to connect with the local heritage.