PPP

Health

Absence of disease or complete physical, mental, and social well-being

Public Health

Organized measures to prevent disease and promote health in the population

Modifiable Factors

Behavioral factors affecting health like smoking and lack of physical activity

Making Every Contact Count (MECC)

Expectation for healthcare professionals to discuss healthy lifestyles with patients

Health Inequalities

Disparities in access to healthcare services based on various factors

Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA)

Provides local demographic and health data for required health services

Health Profiles

Compares local health performance to national averages for various health issues

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

Provides evidence base for public health policies

Ascertainment Bias

Thinking influenced by prior expectations, impacting decision-making

Bandwagon Effect

Tendency to adopt certain behaviors because others are doing so

Cognitive Bias

Systematic distortions in human thinking compared to objective reality

Bounded Rationality

Theory that decision-making is limited by available knowledge

Confirmation Bias

Seeking information that supports existing beliefs and rejecting contradictory information

Virtue Ethics

Focus on personal character and finding balance between vice and virtue

Consequentialism

Morality based on outcomes rather than rules, aiming for the greatest good

Categorical Imperative

Act only on principles that could be universal laws, unlike using humans as means to an end

Common Logical Errors

Fallacies like ad hominem attacks and hasty generalizations in reasoning

Professional Judgement

Process of identifying ethical dilemmas, evaluating solutions, and making justifiable decisions

Moral Status

The level of ethical consideration given to animals compared to humans

Speciesism

Belief in human superiority over animals