CRUDE OIL AND FUELS

what is crude oil?

mixture of chemicals called hydrocarbons. These are chemicals that

contain hydrogen and carbon only.

what’s a hydrocarbon?

A compound which contains only hydrogen and carbon

how does fractional distillation work?

Crude oil is heated and vaporises/boils.

· Vapours rise up the column, gradually cooling and condensing.

Hydrocarbons with different size molecules condense at different levels/temperatures.

·The crude oil is separated into a series of fractions with similar numbers of carbon

atoms and boiling points. These are called fractions.

what’s a alkene?

-A hydrocarbon that contains only carbon to carbon single

bonds

what’s cracking?

A process where longer chain hydrocarbons are broken

down into smaller more useful ones.

what’s a alkene?

A hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon to carbon

double bond.

what’s the general formula for alkenes?

CnH2n

is alkenes or alkanes more reactive?

alkenes

what’s unsaturated?

A compound that contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond

what’s addition reactive?

a chemical reaction where an element or compound is added across a double bond