BIOLOGY: SASE REVIEWERS

The most abundant substance in the protoplasm

Water

The site of the majority of photosynthesis in a leaf

palisade layer

Muscle may be controlled or may work without conscious thought. The muscle type(s) considered involuntary

cardiac and smooth muscles

The breathing rate is increased by an increase in the content of

CO2

A protozoan causes the disease malaria in a human host.

Parasitism

Reason why viruses are not considered free-living

They cannot reproduce outside a living cell

Some organisms living in a garden include dragonflies, bugs, roses, grasshoppers, grasses, worms, and spiders. Collectively, these organisms represent a

Community

Green algae are able to manufacture their own food because

They have Chlorophyll

disease caused by bacteria

Tetanus

The greenhouse effect is caused by the increase in the

CO2 in the air

In binomial nomenclature scheme, only ______ and ______ are used to name an organism.

Genus and Species

Any biological agent that causes disease is called

Pathogen

bacteria that is globular-shaped

spirochete

Water is transported from the roots to the leaves by

Phloem

It refers to the arrangement of the veins in the leaf

venation

Trees that lose all their leaves at the end of a growing season in temperature regions are called

Deciduous

The growth of plants toward light is called

Phototropism

The process of shedding exoskeleton is called

Molting

term used to describe methods of introducing new genes into an organism

Genetic engineering

the process of bone formation

ossification

An excretory organ that filters the waste from the blood.

Kidney

Correct order in taxonomy

(KPCOFGS) Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

best description of the pyramid of energy

base- producers: apex, last consumers

organic portion of bone consists __________

Collagen

Chemical released during toothaches

Acids

Organisms that accomplish nitrogen fixation

Bacteria

Part of the brain that controls breathing, heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels, metabolism,hormones

hypothalamus

where the fertilization of ovum takes place

oviduct/fallopian tube

where digestion of proteins starts

stomach

basic need of all living things

water

A gradual change in the community over a period of time

succession

An abnormal change in the structure or number of a chromosome is

Chromosomal mutation

Factors in the environment that caused mutation is called

mutagens

Cells that lack a distinct nucleus are members of the Kingdom

Monera

Process by which a virus transfers a piece of DNA from one bacterial cell to another.

transduction

Useful characteristic which are acquired are inherited

Lammarck's theory of Evolution

aquatic small unicellular, i.e., single-celled, eukaryotic microorganisms with a well-defined nucleus

Protista

developed the germ theory of disease

Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

The process by which unspecialized cells developed into specialized cells

Differentiation

Most water enters the plant through it

Roots

are mainly marine invertebrates and belong to a group of animals called Arthropods, which also includes spiders and insects.

Crustaeceans

a cold-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that comprises the frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders.

Amphibian

The tail vertebrae of man are fused to form the

Coccyx

a single bone comprised of five separate vertebrae that fuse during adulthood. It forms the foundation of the lower back and the pelvis.

Sacrum

an elongated composite sacrum containing a number of fused vertebrae, present in birds and some extinct reptiles

synasacrum

Their body fluid has no constant temperature

cold-blooded

Animals that live both on land and in water are

Reptiles

a warm-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that is distinguished by the possession of hair or fur, the secretion of milk by females for the nourishment of the young, and (typically) the birth of live young

mammal

The ability of some animals to regain or restore their lost body part is

regeneration

organisms that are permanently attached

sessile

an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm.

commensalism

Abiotic factors are the non-living components of the ecosystem. These include factors such as wind, water, sunlight, soil, temperature and humidity.

Abiotic

An organism that possess the ability to manufacture their own food from inorganic substances are called

Autotrophs

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

heterotrophs

an organism that feeds on or derives nourishment from decaying organic matter.

saprotrophs

What term refers to the mutually beneficial association between roots and fungi?

mycorrhiza

cells that make up different parts of the body including liver cells, skin cells, and bone cells among others.

somatic cells

another term for sex cells

gametes

the cells of the heart is nourished by

coronary artery

the liquid that bathes all the cell of the body is called

lymph

starch can not be found in the blood

true.

fibrinogen, antibodies, hormones, amino acid can be found in the plasma

carriers of oxygen

RBC erethrocytes

an inherited disease in whuch the blood does not clot

hemophilia

Urea is removed from the blood by the

kidney

hormones are distributed throughout the body by

blood

a gland known as the gland of emergency

adrenal gland

bridge between neurons

synapse

uniting cells in sexual reproduction are called

gametes

a cell that results from the union of two gametes

zygote

the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the stigma if the same flower is known as

self pollination

sequence if embryonic development

1. egg
2. zygote
3. two celled stage
4. blastula
5. gastrula
​

the egg producing structure of an animal is called

ovary

the development of an egg without being fertilized by the sperm

parthenogenesis

fraternal twins

maybe of the opposite sex

release of an egg from a follicle is called

ovulation

rod-like structure that appear during nuclear division

spindle fibers

polar bodies are formed during this stage

oogenesis

bacteria may be attacked by a virus called

bacteriophage

a class of vascular plants that reproduce by means of spores

ferns

a phylum or group of invertebrates best characterized by their flat bodies ex. tapeworm, planataria

Platyhelminthes

Photosynthesis: Chloroplast, Respiration:

mitochondria

cell theory

fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells; that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and that new cells are produced from existing cells

whether a child is a boy or a girl depends on the

type of sperm cells

Essential amino acids can be obtained through

plant and animal sources

a sap-conducting tube within the Phloem tissue of a plant that carry nutrients

sieve tube

rough outer covering of the stem of woody trees or bushes

bark

rod-like bacteria

bacillus

spherical or nearly spherical

coccus

umbrella-shaped fungus

mushroom

visible expression of genotypes

phenotype

the number of chromosomes in gametes is always __________ the somatic cells

half

​

part of the cell that carries the mitochondria

cytoplasm

part of plant cell that stores water, sugar, and minerals

vacuole

holes in the leaves where carbon dioxide enters during photosynthesis

stomata

a disease caused by lack of vitamin D

Rickets

carry blood back to the heart

veins

part of blood that destroy bacteria in the body

WBC

refers to the population of different species living in a particular habitat and interacting together

community

site for gas exchange

spongy layer

may stimulate the growth if the roots in plant cuttings

use of auxins