Electronics Midterm Reviewer

Reviewer

Electronics communication

It deals with the transmission, reception,

and processing of information.

Transmitter

A collection of electronic circuits and components designed to convert an electrical signal into a signal suitable to the chosen medium.

Channel /Transmission Medium

It is the medium where electronic signals are being sent.

Receiver

It is a collection of electronic circuits that converts the electronic signal back into its original form.

Noise

It is interference that degrades the quality of the information in an electronic communication system.

Two ways in Electronics Communication

(1) Oneway (simplex) or two way (half duplex or full duplex),

(2) analog or digital.

Simplex

The information can be transmitted only in one way. The receiving end can transmit back to the source of information.

Half Duplex

The two parties take turns in suing the communication channel.

Full Duplex

It is a form of two-way communication where the two parties can transmit information simultaneously.

Full/Full Duplex

Possible to transmit and receive simultaneously, but not necessary between the same two locations

Analog Signal

An _____________________ is a continuously varying electrical signal.

Digital Signal

A ______________ does not vary continuously.

Modulation

It is the technique processes the information and makes it suitable for the communication medium.

Multiplexing

It is the technique allows the transmission of two or more information over a single communication channel.

Baseband

It is the direct transmission of the electronic signal.

Baseband

It is the information signal is already compatible with the communication channel and doesn’t need any modification.

Modulation

It is the process of impressing the baseband signal (intelligence) into a higher frequency signal (carrier).

Multiplexing

This technique made it possible to transmit two or more

intelligence in a single communication channel.

Allocation

A given frequency band for the purpose of its use by one or more terrestrial or space radio communication services or the radio astronomy service under specified conditions.

Allotment

Entry of a designated frequency channel in the agreed plan, adopted by the ITU, for use by one or more nations for a terrestrial or space radio communication services in one or more identified countries or geographic areas and under specified conditions.

Assignment

Authorization given by a nation for a radio station to use a radio-frequency channel under specified conditions.

Frequency

It is the number of cycles that occur in one second

Wavelength

It is is the length travelled by one cycle in meters.

Frequency

It is the number of times a particular phenomenon occurs in a given period of time expressed in Hertz.

Wavelength

It is the distance between two points of similar cycles of a periodic wave or the distance traveled by an electromagnetic wave during the time of one cycle typically expressed in meters.

Period

The time required for one complete cycle of a repetitive system, or simply the reciprocal of frequency.

3x10^8

It is the constant value of speed of light

Bandwidth

It is refers to the range of frequency in an

electromagnetic spectrum.

Narrowband

A single channel (64 Kbps) or some number of 64 Kbps channels (N×64 Kbps), but less than wideband.

Wideband

It is a multi-channel capacity that is between 1.544 Mbps and 45 Mbps according to U.S. standards (2.048 Mbps-34 Mbps according to European/international standards.)

Broadband

It is a multi-channel capacity which is 45 Mbps according to U.S. standards and 34 Mbps according to European/international standards.

TRANSMISSION IMPAIRMENTS

Signals travel through transmission media, which are not perfect. The imperfection causes signal impairment.

Attenuation

Type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to the resistance and length of the transmission medium.

Distortion

The alteration of information in which the original proportions are changed, resulting from a defect in communication system.

Noise

Type of transmission impairment in which an outside source such as crosstalk corrupts a signal.

Distress

It is in-need of immediate assistance.

Urgency

It is refer to a situation that requires immediate attention and might conceivably become distress in nature.

Safety

It is refer to meteorological information, particularly about storms, hurricanes, etc.

Roger

I received your message.

Over

I have completed transmitting and await your reply.

Go ahead

Same as over.

Out

I have completed my communication and do not expect to transmit again.

Clear

I have no further traffic. (Sometimes used in place of Out)

Stand by

Wait for another call or further instructions.

Break

I am changing from one part of the message to another. (Also used to request the received operator to indicate if he has received the portion of the message transmitted thus far.)

Copy

Respond to Break