Chapter 29 orthopedics

Diaphysis

The middle shaft of the bone is called the

Sesmoid bone

The patella is example of a

Cortical

The blank part of the long bone is very dense and found on the outside

Foremen

A rounded orifice in bone or a passageway for blood vessels or nerves is known as a

Periosteum

Protects the bone surface and provides attachment for tendons.

Condyle

A knuncle-shaped portion of the bone, generally found in association with a joint, is called a

synarthrosis

A joint that’s immmovable, such as the union of the major skull bones, is a synarthrosis joint

The bankart procedure

During blank, the glenoid rim is reattached to the joint capsule with biosynthetic or other anchoring device or with sutures.

20%

Only about blank of promixal humeral fractures require open reduction or pinning

Correct a recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder

The surgical goal of a bankart procedure is to

Femur and the lower leg

The orthopedic table ( also called a fracture table) is used mainly for the

X-ray

Is used in first-level assessment for most orthopedic trauma

Open fractures

Fractures are fractures in which the bone penetrates the skin

Pathological fracture

A fracture caused by a disease is called an

tibia & femur

Intermedullary nails are commonly used to repair fractures of the

Knee

The blank is the most complicated joint of the body, vulnerable to a variety of injuries

Carpal tunnel release

An blank is a procedure to free an entrapped median volar nerve and restore function of the wrist

Sagittal saw

A blank blade is fixed at a right angle (90 degrees) to the handpiece and moves along a perpendicular axis.

A drill

K-wires and steinman pins are inserted directly into the tissue using blank

Open reduction internal fixation

Requires the use of orthopedics implants.

Closed, external

In blank reduction blank fixation, the bone ends are approximated (reduced) externally and then held in place by an internally placed device such as rod or pin.

Exsanguinate the limb

During many orthopedic procedures, the surgeon may choose to wrap the limb with a sterile ace wrap or an esmarch bandage to blank

Carpenters

An orthopedic drill is similar to blank drill

Periosteum from the surface of the bone

Elevators are used to lift the

Lightly irrigate the cutting blade

Whenever power-driven cutting instruments are in use, the scrub should blank

Inflow, outflow

During arthroscopy, the blank tubing and blank tubing are required to maintain continuous flushing of the joint

Hammertoe

To correct a blank deformity, a flex or tenotomy is performed with a #15 knife.

Ronguers and bone

Cutters are used for trimming & remodeling bone & cartilage.

Upper & lower extremities, & pelvis

Appendicular skeleton is composed of the

Resembles a sponge and the space are filled with red or yellow marrow , a soft connective tissue.

Cancellous bone

Made from ceramic material

Joint replacement implant

Sagittal saw

Power equipment

Ronguers and bone cutters

Hand instruments

Used to scrape away periosteum from bone surface

Hand instrument

Screws made of titanium or stainless steel

Orthopedic implant

Components used to replace the diseased or injured tissue

Joint replacement implant

Orthopedic implant

Devices used to attach or fix bone and other connective tissue

Hand instrument

Rod-shaped or chisel- pointed cutter used for clearing the medullary canal

Orthopedic implants

Used in simple or comminuted fractures

Hand instrument

Bone-holding clamp

Condyle

A knuckle-shaped portion of bone generally found in association with a joint

Crest

A ridged of bone (e.g iliac crest)

Foramen

A rounded orifice in a bone, usually a passageway for blood vessels or nerves.

Fossa

A depression in a bone ( e.g iliac fossa)

Neck

A narrow bridge of Bone between two other structures ( e.g neck of the femur, neck of the humerus)

Process

Projection of the bone ( e.g coracoid process)

Sinus

Cavity within a bone ( nasal sinus)

Spine

A sharp narrow projection (eg, spinuous process)

Sulus

A groove in a bone

Tubercle

A small, rounded projection ( e.g deltoid tubercle)

Tuberosity

A large, rounded projection ( e.g ischial tuberosity)

Transverse

The fracture is perpendicular to the long axis of the bone

Oblique

A type of transverse fracture that occurs at an angle

Spiral

A facture of the long bone that occurs in a spiral pattern as the result of twisting or torsion on the bone

Impacted

A fracture in which bone fragments are driven into each other or into another bone

Comminuted

A fracture with two or more pieces

Open

A fracture in which the fractured penetrates the skin

Greenstick

A fracture of immature bone that’s soft and less brittle than mature bone