Old World Monkeys

Catarrhines

old world monkeys

features

Narrow external nose with downward-facing nostrils, 2.1.2.3 dental formula,

Expanded ischial tuberosities and sitting pads

Typically larger than NWM

Japanese macaque

Location: Japan

Diet: omnivorous

Locomotion: semi-terrestrial, good swimmers

Social Structure: multi-male/multi-female groups, with strong dominance hierarchies in both sexes.

Sexually dimorphic

Northern most extension of non-human primates

black-and-white colobus monkey

Location: Equatorial Africa

Diet: folivorous, sacculated stomach

Locomotion: arboreal quadrupeds

Social Structure: varies from single male/multi-female groups or multi-male/multi-female groups with dominant male

Sexually dimorphic

olive baboon

Location: Throughout Africa

Diet: omnivorous

Locomotion: terrestrial quadrupeds

Social Structure: large (20-150) multi-male/multi-female groups,male dominant

Strongly Sexually dimorphic, males with large canines

terrestrial quadrupeds

animals that primarily move on all fours on the ground

Orangutan

Location: Borneo and Sumatra

Size: male 200lbs; female 100lbs

Diet: frugivore, leaves, insects and bark

Locomotion: quadrumanes

Social Structure: females with young, males solitary

Sexually dimorphic, adult male have check flanges

quadrumanes

involving both using feet and using hands to grasp at branches

Gorilla

Location: Western and Central equatorial Africa

Diet: omnivorous

Locomotion: terrestrial knucklewalking, suspensory climbing

Social Structure: fission/fusion groups, strong dominance

hierarchies in both sexes, male dominance

Moderate sexual dimorphism

Bonobo

Location: Central Africa, South of the Congo river

Diet: omnivorous

Locomotion: terrestrial knucklewalking, suspensory climbing

Social Structure: multi-male/multi-female groups dominated by females

No sexual dimorphism

chimpanzee

Location: Central and Western Africa

Diet: omnivorous

Locomotion: terrestrial knucklewalking, suspensory climbing

Social Structure: fission/fusion groups, strong dominance hierarchies in both sexes, male dominance

Moderate sexual dimorphism