Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering subatomic particles, element atomic configurations, atomic mass calculations, and chemical bonds from the lecture notes.

HONC 1 2 3 4 Rule

A mnemonic representing the number of covalent bonds formed by Hydrogen (1), Oxygen (2), Nitrogen (3), and Carbon (4).

Neutrons Formula

The formula to calculate the number of neutrons in an atom: $\text{Neutrons} = \text{Atomic mass} - \text{protons}$.

Atomic Number

Tells how many protons and electrons there are in an atom.

Atomic Mass

Tells the combined total of protons and neutrons when they combine in an atom.

Proton

A positively charged ($+\text{ charge}$) subatomic particle located in the nucleus.

Neutron

A subatomic particle located in the nucleus.

Electron

A negatively charged ($-\text{ charge}$) subatomic particle located outside of the nucleus in energy levels.

Lithium (Li)

An element with 3 protons and 3 electrons.

Aluminum (Al)

An element with 13 protons, 13 electrons, and 14 neutrons.

Phosphorus (P)

An element with 15 protons, 15 electrons, and 16 neutrons.

Iron (Fe)

An element with 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons.

Iodine

An element with 53 protons, 53 electrons, and 74 neutrons.

Silicon

An element containing 14 electrons and 14 protons.

Argon

An element containing 18 electrons and 18 protons.

Ionic Bond vs. Covalent Bond

As stated in the transcript, an ionic bond shares electrons while covalent bonds transfer electrons.