chemistry - Ionic Compounds

How do ionic compounds form

When a metal gives an electron to a nonmetal

what is a ionic bond

ionic bonds are the attractive forces between a metal cation and a nonmetal anion

what is the structure of ionic compounds

cations and anions are organized into a solid, crystalline structure. the ratio of cations to anions is the formula unit

what are the different properties of ionic compounds

high melting point, hard and brittle, solubility, electrolytes

high melting point

• to go from solid to liquid, more space between particles is needed

• large energy is needed to seperate the ions and melt the ionic compound

hard and brittle

• a force striking an ionic compound can cause the ions to displace

• like charges repel and the crystal will break apart

solubility

• when an ionic compound is placed in water, the cation and anions seperate from eachother

• the ions are surrounded by water molecules

• not all ionic compounds can dissolve

electrolytes

• disolved ionic compounds conduct electricity

• the ions carry electric charges through the water to complete the circuit

how do you represent ionic bonds?

1. draw either a bohr rutherford or lewis diagram of each element

2. decide which element needs to loose or gain electrons

3. use arrows to show the transfer of electrons

4. add extra atoms of the element as needed to fill all valence energy levels

5. draw the new ions formed by the transfer of electrons

6. make sure to use square brackets and show charges

what is a molecular compound

a molecular compound forms from nonmetals sharing electrons rather than transfer