Brain Vocab and Functions

Left Hemisphere

Regulates speech/language & controls right side of body

Right Hemisphere

1. Cognitive function & controls left side of body

Longitudinal fissure

1. Separates left & right sides of brain

Gyrus

Increase brain SA & is elevated region on brain surface

Sulcus

1. Increase brain SA & are shallow depressions on brain surface

Central sulcus

1. Separates sensory from motor regions of brain

Gray matter (Superficial):

1. Analyze information (controls muscular & sensory activity

White matter

1. Conducts information (processing @ high speed)

Corpus callosum

1. Connects left and right sides of the brain

Fornix

1. Connects hypothalamus to hippocampus (memory)

Parietal lobe

1. Emotion, Sensory info (temperature, taste) & Integration

 Temporal lobe

Auditory sensation, processing & reflexes

Frontal lobe

1. Cognitive function & Voluntary movement/activity

Occipital lobe

1. Visual perception

 Dura mater

1. Help protect brain & SC

Arachnoid mater

1. Help protect brain & SC ( Transparent membrane over the brain; deep to the dura mater)

  Subarachnoid space

1. CSF flow (separates the Arachnoid mater from Pia mater; filled with cerebral spinal fluid  for cushioning and contains the largest blood vessels of the cerebral surface)

 Pia mater

1. Help protect brain & SC (thin, delicate membrane)

Thalamus

Relay sensory + motor signals & regulate consciousness

Hypothalamus

Homeostasis + Blood pressure + Heart rate + Eat +Drink + Sex

Infundibulum (Stick on the pituitary)

Connects hypothalamus to pituitary gland

Pituitary gland

Hormone production & storage

Pons

 Breathing + Brain communication + Hearing + Taste & Balance

Medulla oblongata

Breathing, Blood pressure + Heart rate + Involuntary reflexes

Brain stem

Relay center (connects cerebrum & cerebellum to Spinal cord) + Autonomic functions

Spinal cord

Carries information to/from brain + Reflex responses

Cerebellum

Complex movements & equilibrium

Arbor vitae

Sensory info to/from cerebellum (processing)

Choroid plexus

CSF production & contains Ependymal cells (*CSF = cerebrospinal fluid)

Cerebral aqueduct

CSF flow 

Lateral ventricle

 CSF flow 

3rd ventricle

CSF flow 

4th ventricle

CSF flow 

Pineal body

Production of melatonin

Superior colliculi

Visual senses & reflexes

Inferior colliculi

Auditory sensation, processing & reflexes

Optic nerve

Conducts nerve impulses from eye to brain