GCSE Chemistry C5 - Energy Changes

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16 Terms

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Energy transfer during exothermic reactions

- transfers energy to surroundings so temp in surroundings increase

- product molecules have less energy than the reactants

- combustion, neutralisation, oxidation reaction

- coffee, hand warmers, self heating cans

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Energy transfer during endothermic reactions

- takes in energy from surroundings so the temp of the surroundings decreases

- product molecules must have more energy than reactants

- thermal decomposition,

- sports injury packs

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reaction profile

chemical reactions can only occur when reacting particles collide with each other ith sufficient energy

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activation energy

minimum amount of energy that particles must have to react

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exothermic graph

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endothermic graph

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endothermic energy change

energy taken in to break> energy released when formed

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exothermic energy change

energy taken in to break < energy released when formed

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how can a cell be made

by connecting two different metals in contact with electrolyte

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non - rechargable cells and batteries

- chemical reactions stop when one of the reactants has been used up

- alkaline batteries are non - rechargeable

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rechargeable cells and batteries

can be recharged becaue the chemical reactions are reversed when an external electrical current is supplied

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fuel cells - the fuel

supplied by an external source of fuel (hydrogen) and oxygen or air. the fuel is oxidised electrochemically (hydrogen and oxygen) within the fuel cell to produce a potential difference

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hydrogen fuel cell

- fuelc cells can be used constantly provided fuel keeps being put in

- hydrogen is a gas so needs to be stored at high pressure and so is harder to transport

- only produces water when burnt

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rechargeable cells and batteries

- can be recharged by reversing reaction so fuel doesn't need to keep being supplied

- hard to dispose of (non - biodegradable)

- will stop working eventually

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half equation at anode

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half equation at the cathode

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