🏃 Anaerobic Respiration

What is anaerobic respiration?

A process that occurs in the absence of sufficient oxygen, providing enough ATP to sustain basic functions.

What type of respiration occurs during intense exercise when oxygen supply is limited?

anaerobic Lactate fermentation.

What is the role of glycolysis in anaerobic respiration?

It breaks down glucose into pyruvate, occurring regardless of oxygen presence.

What happens to pyruvate during lactate fermentation?

It is converted to lactate in low oxygen conditions.

What is lactate?

lactic acid

What enzyme is required for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate?

Lactate dehydrogenase.

What is oxygen debt?

The amount of oxygen needed to break down accumulated lactic acid.

Where does lactate go after it's produced in muscles?

It enters the bloodstream and is transported to the liver.

Is Lactic Fermentation sustainable?

No, it has a net loss of ATP

What is alcoholic fermentation?

A type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in plants and yeast, producing ethanol

What is removed from pyruvate in alcoholic fermentation?

Carbon dioxide.

What is the first product formed from pyruvate in alcoholic fermentation?

Ethanal.

What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to ethanal?

Pyruvate decarboxylase.

What is the second step of alcoholic fermentation?

Ethanal gains a hydrogen from reduced NADH to produce ethanol.

What enzyme is involved in the conversion of ethanal to ethanol?

Ethanol dehydrogenase.

Why is alcoholic fermentation important for humans?

It has practical applications in food and beverage production.

Why is ethanol toxic to yeast?

High concentrations (around 15%) kill the yeast.

What is the fate of ethanol produced in alcoholic fermentation?

It is typically left in the final product unless it is toxic.

NAme all enzymes in both plant and animal anaerobic resp

Lactate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate decarboxylase, ethanol dehydrogenase