AP HUMAN EXAM UNIT 1

What type of map is this?

Cartogram

What type of map is this?

Chloropleth

What type of map is this?

Dot density

What type of map is this?

Isoline

What type of map is this?

Graduated (proportional) symbol

What are the pros and cons of a mercator map?

Shape and direction are accurate but the sizes are distorted, especially near the poles

What are the pros and cons of a robinson map?

Everything is distorted, but distortion is spread evenly

What are the pros and cons of a goode-homosline map?

Continent sizes are accurate, but directions and distance aren’t

What are the pros and cons of a gall peters map?

The area is accurate, but it’s distorted, especially near the equator

Geospatial Data

All information including physical features and human activities

GIS

A system for capturing, storing, and displaying data

GPS

System that uses satellite data to pin point a specific location on earth

Remote Sensing

Process of taking pictures of earth from satellites

Absolute location

Precise spot where something is located

Relative Location

Location in compared to other things

Space

Extent of an area in either absolute or relative

Place

Specific human and physical characteristics of a location

Distance Decay

Interaction decreases as distance increases

Time-space Compression

Increasing connectivity between distant places

Pattern

Geometric or regular arrangement of something in an area

Sustainability

Taking enough resources for the current population while leaving enough for future generations

Natural Resources

Physical material from Earth people need and value

Environmental Determinism

Theory that the physical environment causes social development

Possibilism

Physical environment limits some human actions, but people can adjust to their environment

Scale

Relationship between distance on ground and the distance on map

Scale of Analysis

How zoomed in or out you are when looking at geographic data

Region

Place larger than a point and smaller than a planet grouped together because of a common feature

Formal Region

Based on quantitative data, includes all government areas

Functional Region

Based around a node or focal point such as radio broadcasts

Vernacular (perceptual) Region

A common qualitative characteristic, such as South or Midwest

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Township and Range

2. Clustered Settlement Pattern

3. Grid Street Pattern

Clustered Settlement Pattern (T&R is a type of grid)

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Site

2. Situation

3. Relative Location

Site (site is an absolute location; situation is relative)

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Absolute Location

2. Reference Map

3. Thematic Map

Thematic maps (reference maps use absolute location)

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Globalization

2. Nationalism

3. Foreign Investment

4. Multinational Corporations

Nationalism (All other terms have to do with multiple countries)

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Westernization

2. Uniform Consumption Preferences

3. Enhanced Communications

4. Local Traditions

Local Traditions (associated with folk culture; everything else is associated with popular culture)

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Latitude and Longitude

2. Site

3. Situation

4. Absolute Location

Site (describes a physical place, everything else describes location)

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Major airport

2. Grid street pattern

3. Major Central Park

4. Natural Harbor

5. Public Sports Facility

Natural harbor (it’s not part of the cultural landscape)

Pick the one that doesn’t belong:

1. Time Zones

2. China

3. US railroads

4. 15 degrees

China (there’s only one timezone)

The “why of where” (refers to human-environment interaction)

Idea that explanation of a spatial pattern is crucial

Opposite of distance decay is…

Time-space compression

What map is drawn at the largest scale?

World map (global scale)

Name an example of how scale of inquiry affects the truth

Maps of crime rates in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and the US

Where is this data from?

The Census Survey

Why are maps always distorted?

It’s impossible to represent the three dimensions of Earth on a two dimensional surface

How do you explain the changes in land acreage here?

The acreage increased through use of polders and dikes

Describe the spatial pattern of ethnicity in this map

Ethnic Chinese are the majority across most the city; Ethnic Malay and Indian residents are concentrated in peripheral neighborhoods.

Who would use data from this map?

A government agency seeking to promote equal opportunities across ethnicities

An example of possiblism

Modification of landscapes by human cultures

Why would a planner use a map at 1:24,000 scale instead of 1:250,000?

A map at 1:24,000 scale shows the town closer and in more detail

Identify the scale of this map

Local, showing the towns and townships in a county

Watersheds and milkshed are defined as what type of region?

Functional/Nodal