DH220 O-Path Quiz 2 Ch 5 terms

developmental disorder

a failure or disturbance that occurs during the process of prenatal development that can result in a lack

inherited disorder

a disorder caused by an abnormality in the genetic makeup (genes and chromosomes) of an individual that is transmitted from parent to offspring through the egg or sperm

congenital disorder

condition present at or and existing from the time of birth

Amelogenesis

the formation of enamel

Dentinogenesis

the formation of dentin

Cementogenesis

the formation of cementum

Hertwig's epithelial root sheath

an epithelial structure that proliferates to shade the root of the tooth and induce the formation of the root dentin

Ankyloglossia

extensive adhesion of the tongue to the floor of the mouth or the lingual aspect of the anterior portion of the mandible

commissural lip pits

epithelium lined blind tracts located at the corners of the mouth

lingual thyroid

mass of thyroid tissue found on the dorsal tongue posterior to circumvallate papillae

radicular cyst (periapical cyst)

a cyst with a wall of fibrous connective tissue and a lining of stratified squamous epithelium that is attached to the root apex of a tooth with a necrotic pulp or a defective root canal filling

Odontogenic

tooth forming

Nonodontogenic

not related to tooth development

Intraosseous

a cyst that occurs within bone

Extraosseous

a cyst that occurs in the soft tissue

dentigerous cyst (follicular cyst)

a cyst that forms around the crown of an unerupted or developing tooth

follicular cyst (dentigerous cyst)

a cyst that forms around the crown of an unerupted or developing toot hand terminates at the CEJ

eruption cyst

a cyst that forms in the soft tissue around the crown of an erupting tooth

primordial cyst

a cyst that develops in place of a tooth

odontogenic keratocyst (okc)

an odontogenic developmental cyst with a unique histologic appearance. The lumen is lined by epithelium that is 8-10 cell layers thick and surfaced by parakeratin. The basal cell later is palisaded and prominent; the interface between the epithelium and the connective tissue is flat. This cyst has a higher reoccurrence rate than many other odontogenic cysts

calcifying odontogenic cyst (coc)

a nonaggressive cystic lesion lined by odontogenic epithelium with associated ghost cell keratinization

lateral periodontal cyst

a cyst named for its location. Most often seen in the mandibular cuspid and premolar area and presents as an asymptomatic

gingival cyst

a small bulge or swelling of the attached gingiva or interdental papillae. It exhibits the same type of epithelial lining as a lateral periodontal cyst and is located in the soft tissue of the same area

median palatine cyst

a cyst located in the mudline of the hard palate. It is characterized by a well-defined

nasolabial cyst

a soft tissue cyst of the midlateral face with no alveolar bone involvement. It is lined with pseudostratified

lymphoepithelial cyst

a cyst that is composed of a stratified squamous epithelial lining surrounded by a well-circumscribed component of lymphoid tissue. Also known as a branchial cleft cyst when located in the neck. The lymphoepithelial cyst occurs in the parotid gland and oral mucosa

epidermal cyst

a raised nodule in the skin. It is lined by keratinizing epithelium that resembles the epithelium of the skin (epidermis). The cyst lumen us usually filled with keratin scales

dermoid cyst

a developmental cyst that is often present at birth or noted in young children. It is uncommon in the head and neck but occurs in the anterior floor of the mouth. It is lined by orthokeratinized

benign cystic teratoma

a lesion with a cystic component that resembles the dermoid cyst. In addition

thyroglossal tract cyst

a cyst that forms along the same tract that the thyroid gland follows in development

globulomaxillary cyst

a historical term used to describe a radiolucent lesion located interproximally to a maxillary lateral incisor and canine. A biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis

median mandibular cyst

a historical term used to describe a radiolucent lesion located in the midline of the mandible. It is not a specific entity

Pseudocysts

an abnormal cavity that resembles a true cyst but is not a pathological cavity and it not lined with epithelium

static bone cyst

referred to as pseudocyst because it is not a pathological cavity and it not lined with epithelium. It is characterized by a well-defined radiolucency in the posterior region of the mandible inferior to the mandibular canal, which is caused by a lingual depression in the mandible containing normal salivary gland tissue (lingual mandibular bone concavity or stafne bone cyst)

stafne defect

referred to as pseudocyst because it is not a pathological cavity and it not lined with epithelium. It is characterized by a well-defined radiolucency in the posterior region of the mandible inferior to the mandibular canal, which is caused by a lingual depression in the mandible containing normal salivary gland tissue (lingual mandibular bone concavity or static bone cyst)

simple bone cyst

a pathological cavity in bone that is not lined with epithelium (also known as traumatic bone cyst)

aneurysmal bone cyst

a pseudocyst that consists of blood-filled spaces surrounded by multinucleated giant cells and fibrous connective tissue. The radiolucent lesion has a multilocular appearance that is often described as "honeycomb" or as "soap bubbles"

supernumerary

extra teeth found in the dental arches

anodontia

congenital lack of teeth

hypodontia

one or more teeth missing

distomolar/distodens

an extra (4th) molar, it is the second most common supernumerary

cleidocranial dysplasia

an inherited disease or congenital disorder characterized by slow or failed formation of the clavicles, delayed closure of the sutures and fontanels of the skull and delayed eruption of teeth, with formation of supernumerary teeth. Characterized by underdevelopment of the maxillae, agenesis, or aplasia of the clavicle, abnormalities in other skeletal bones and muscles and irregularities of the denitition

gardner syndrome

an inherited syndrome characterized by the presence of osteomas in various bones, especially in the frontal bones, mandible, and maxilla. osteomas of the facial skeleton expand, obliterate the sinuses and cause facial asymmetry. intestinal polyps are also present, which become malignant after age 30

microdontia

abnormally small teeth

macrodontia

abnormally large teeth

fusion

the union of two adjacent tooth germs

gemination

twinning, when a single tooth germ attempts to divide, results in the incomplete formation of 2 teeth, the tooth usually has a single root and root canal

hypercementosis

excessive cementum on the roots of teeth

concrescence

a condition in which 2 adjacent teeth become united by cementum

dilaceration

a sharp bend or curve, as in the root of a tooth

enamel pearl

a small, spherical projection located on a root surface (enameloma)

talon cusp

an accessory cusp located in the area of the cingulum of a maxillary or mandibular permanent incisor

taurodontism

a genetic, heterogenous condition of the molar teeth with dominant and recessive inheritance patterns characterized by an enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of the pulpal floor, and no constriction at the level of the CEJ

dens invaginatus (dens in dente)

a tooth within a tooth, a developmental anomaly that results when the enamel organ invaginates into the crown of a tooth before mineralization

dens evaninatus

an accessory enamel cusp found found on the occlusal surface of a tooth, this developmental anomaly occurs most often on the mandibular premolars

supernumerary roots

more than normal number of roots

enamel hypoplasia

the incomplete or defective formation of enamel, resulting in the alteration of tooth form or color

turner tooth

a permanent tooth showing enamel hypoplasia resulting from infection or trauma to the overlying deciduous tooth

congenital syphilis

type of syphilis that is transmitted from an infected mother to the fetus because the organism can cross the placenta and enter the fetal circulation

Hutchinson incisor

malformed incisor that results from the presence of congenital syphilis during tooth development. shaped like the tip of a flat-head screwdriver; broad cervically and narrow incisally, with a notched incisal edge

mulberry molars

first molar with an irregularly shaped crown made up of multiple tiny globules of of enamel instead of cusps , berry like appearance. manifestation of congenital syphilis

enamel hypocalcification

developmental anomaly, results in a disturbance of the maturation of the enamel matrix. appears as a localized chalky white spot on the middle third of smooth crowns and the underlying enamel may be soft and susceptible to caries

hypoplasia

incomplete development of an organ or tissue

hypocalcification

e tooth enamel contains less calcium and mineral content than normal

endogenous staining

originating or produced within an organism or one of its parts

regional odontodysplasia

developmental condition, one or several teeth in the same quadrant radiographically exhibit a marked reduction in development and radiolucency and a characteristic ghostlike appearance, very thin enamel and dentin are present (ghost teeth)

impacted

teeth that cannot erupt into the oral cavity because of a physical obstruction

embedded

teeth that do not erupt because of a lack of erptive force

ankylosed

teeth that are fused to the alveolar bone, a condition especially common with retained deciduous teeth

KEY CLUE cysts: midline mandible below mandibular incisor apices

median mandibular

KEY CLUE cysts: pear-shaped between lateral incisor & canine

globulomaxillary

KEY CLUE cysts: young patient, along thyroid developmental tract

thyroglossal tract

KEY CLUE cysts: teeth/bone/muscle/nerve tissue

benign cystic teratoma

KEY CLUE cysts: floor of mouth + doughy

dermoid

KEY CLUE cysts: keratin-filled, skin-like lining

epidermal

KEY CLUE cysts: pinkish-yellow nodule

lymphoepithelial

KEY CLUE cysts: soft tissue, canine/floor of nose

nasolabial

KEY CLUE cysts: midline hard palate

median palatine

KEY CLUE cysts: heart/oval radiolucency between maxillary central incisors

nasopalatine canal

KEY CLUE cysts: bone enlargement + high recurrence

glandular odontogenic

KEY CLUE cysts: soft tissue counterpart

gingival cyst

KEY CLUE cysts: lateral root surface, mandibular canine/premolar

lateral periodontal

KEY CLUE cysts: ghost cells

COC

KEY CLUE cysts: mandibular 3rd molar region + high recurrence

OKC

KEY CLUE cysts: in place of a tooth

primordial

KEY CLUE cysts: soft tissue around erupting tooth

eruption cyst

KEY CLUE cysts: around crown of unerupted/impacted tooth

dentigerous

pseudocyst CLUE: posterior lingual mandible, below mandibular canal

stafne

pseudocyst CLUE: scallops around tooth roots

simple bone cyst

pseudocyst CLUE: blood-filled spaces + honeycomb/soap bubble

aneurysmal bone cyst

glandular odontogenic cyst

rare developmental, enlargement of the bone, anterior and posterior mandible and anterior maxilla

odontogenic cysts

dentigerous cyst

primordial cyst

OKC

orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst

calcifying odontogenic cyst

lateral periodontal cyst

glandular odontogenic cyst

eruption cyst

gingival cyst

nonodontogenic cysts

nasopalatine duct cyst

median palatal cyst

globulomaxillary cyst

median mandibular cyst

thyroglossal duct cyst

nasolabial cyst

epidermal cyst

branchial cleft cyst

cyst of the incisive papilla

nasopalatine canal (duct) cyst

developmental, located within the nasopalatine canal or incisive papilla (then referred to as cyst of the incisive papilla), arises from epithelial remnants of the embryonal nasopalatine ducts

developmental cysts

classified at odontogenic or nonodontogenic, according to location, cause, origin of epithelial cells, and microscopic appearance

fluoride-related enamel hyposplasia

pt ingests high concentrations of fluoride during tooth formation, mottled discoloration of enamel

factors that cause enamel hypoplasia

febrile illness (measles, chickenpox, scarlet fever), vitamin deficiency (A, C, D), ingestion of fluoride, congenital syphilis, premature birth or birth injury