Chapter 23 - Human Origins and Evolution

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8 Terms

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Three potential pools of info to inform questions of lineage

1. fossil record

2. DNA (molecules)

3. physical features (morphology)

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polytomy

a branch from which more than two groups emerge

<p>a branch from which more than two groups emerge</p>
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multiregional hypothesis

the hypothesis that modern humans originated through a process of simultaneous local transition from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens throughout the inhabited world

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Out of Africa Hypothesis

The hypothesis that modern humans evolved in Africa and spread to other continents, replacing other Homo species without interbreeding with them

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mtDNA

Mitochondrial DNA. Evolve rapidly. Maternally inherited only so trace the maternal line of inheritance through time

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modern human features

-bipedal locomotion

-neoteny

-large brains

-FOXP2 gene

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Neotony

retention of juvenile traits in adult stage

- adult humans share many characteristics with young apes (lack of hair, large heads relative to body, questioning/playful mentality)

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Bergmann's Rule

stipulates that body size is larger in colder climates to conserve body temperature