Ch 16: Bryophytes

What did plants evolve from?

green algae, closest relative is spirogyra

What is the dominant life stage for Bryophytes?

Gametophyte

How can bryophytes reproduce?

Asexual - fragmentation or production of gemmae

Sexual - production of archegonia and antheridia

Archegonia and antheridia role

Archegonia - Encloses egg

Antheridia - produce swimming sperm

Groups of bryophytes

Liverworts

Hornworts

Mosses

Liverwort charcteristics

Absorb water via surface area

Contain thallus

no connective tissue, stoma, cuticle

Liverwort asexual repro.

Gemmae produced in gemmae cup

Liverwort sexual repro.

Antheridiophore (ubrella) and archegiophore (palm tree)

Describe live cycle of liver wort

spores → young gametophyte → Antheridiophore/Archegoniophore produce gametes → sperm travel via water → Sporophyte

Which part of liverwort life cycle is mitosis and which is meiosis

Gametophytes produce gametes that undergo mitosis

Sporophytes produce spores via meiosis

Spores produce gametophyte via mitosis

Hornworts

not relevant…

may contain Nostoc

Mosses classes

Sphagnidae (peat moss)

Andreidae (Granite Moss)

Bryidae (True moss)

Sphagnidae

Explosive discharge from operculum

1 of the most abundant plants in the world

Carbon sinker

Bryidae TRUE MOSS

Leaf like structure that is 1 cell thick

Primitive conduction tissues

Primitive conductive tissues found in true moss

Hyrdroids - water conduction

Leptoids - food conduction

These have none of the tissues like phloem or xylem, found in vascular plants