Unit 4 Exam Review

A series of flashcards defining core concepts related to developed democracies and nondemocratic regimes based on the lecture notes.

Developed Democracy

Countries characterized by institutional democracy and a high level of economic development and prosperity.

Liberal Democracy

A type of democracy that emphasizes individual freedoms, political competition, and participation.

European Union (EU)

A political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe, established to facilitate cooperation on various issues.

Sovereignty

The authority of a state to govern itself or another state.

Integration

The process of uniting member states in policies and governance, as seen in the EU.

Devolution

The transfer of political power from a central government to more local authorities.

Postmodernism

A cultural and intellectual stance characterized by skepticism toward grand narratives and ideologies, often prioritizing quality of life over material gain.

Nondemocratic Regime

A system of government in which power is concentrated in a small group without constitutional accountability to the public.

Authoritarianism

A form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms.

Totalitarianism

An extreme form of nondemocratic rule where the state seeks to control all aspects of public and private life.

Co-optation

A political system where individuals are integrated into the political process and given benefits in exchange for support.

Clientelism

A system where the state provides specific goods and services to individuals in exchange for political support.

Patrimonialism

A form of governance where all powers flows directly from the leader and influence is based on personal loyalty.

Bureaucratic Authoritarianism

A military regime which asserts that a technocratic leadership can effectively govern without public participation.

Illiberal Regimes

Governments that superficially maintain democratic institutions but lack true political freedom and legitimacy.

Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)

Economic policy aimed at reducing foreign dependency by encouraging local production of industrial goods.

Welfare State

A government that provides for the well-being of its citizens through social programs and public services.

Democratic Deficit

The gap between the ideals of democracy and the reality of governance, often seen in institutions that lack accountability.

Corruption

The abuse of entrusted power for private gain, often undermining democratic governance and public trust.