2025 ATI TEAS 7 Science

the largest chamber of the heart is the left

ventricle

a tendency of the body to maintain a balanced internal state

homeostasis

what are the 3 types of proteins

globular, fibrous, membrane

adipocytes are seen in adipose and fat tissue. they store ____ and maintain proper energy balance by storing calories in the form of _____. they also mobilize energy sources in response to ______.

fat, lipids, stress

ribosomes synthesize

proteins

in a chemical change, a _____ substance is produced

new

ex: adding baking soda to a recipe to make it less sour, frying an egg, burning wood

in a physical change, the material involved is structurally the ________ before and after the change

same

ex: crushing a can, melting ice, breaking glass, boiling water,

in an ionic bond, valence electrons are

transferred

how many layers of tissues does the uterus have?

3 (inner endometrium, middle myometrium, outer perimetrium)

what parts of the body produce melanin?

hair, iris, skin

purine bases

A, G

pyrimidine bases

T, U, C

base pairs

AT (U), GC

enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions by

lowering the activation energy of the reaction, either forward or backward

an ionic bond is between a

metal and nonmetal

eg: NaCl

what is a hypothetical explanation for an occurrence that is based on prior knowledge called?

hypothesis

lying flat on your back

supine

lying on your belly

prone

on the periodic table, where are the elements with the largest atomic radii found?

bottom left corner

endocytic vesicles are formed when

the plasma membrane surrounds a particle outside the cell

the duodenum receives chyme and

further digests it

homeostasis is primarily maintained by what feedback loops?

negative

enzymes change shape when they bind to their

substrates

enzyme activity is sensitive to changes in

temperature

the axon carries action potential (sends out stimuli) in the direction of a ________

synapse

what mainly determines a bond's polarity?

electronegativity

proteins are made of

amino acids

codons are made of

3 nucleotide bases

nucleotides are made of

a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar molecule

hormones that increase with age:

FSH, LH, TSH, PTH, norepinephrine, testosterone, estrone

the cell cycle is a part of

interphase

an acidosis means a pH lower than ____ and too much ____ in the blood

7.45, CO2

what is the primary function of phospholipids in cell membranes?

form bilayer structures that regulate the passage of molecules in and out of cells

bacterial cells reproduce by

binary fission

what is the addition of water molecules to break down covalent bonds within macromolecules

hydrolysis

the cecum is where the _______ ____ ______ _________ meet

small and large intestines

interpreter RNA

tRNA

which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body?

PTH

factors most likely to affect the rate of a chemical reaction

temp, concentration, presence of a catalyst

which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

insulin

bile is made in the LIVER and stored in the

gallbladder

which eukaryotic organelle is referred to as the "powerhouse" due to its role in producing ATP and apoptosis?

mitochondrion

what is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction?

ATP

what happens when atoms are rearranged to form new substances?

chemical reaction

antibodies, AKA immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by

B cells

what solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at the current temperature?

saturated solution

where does fertilization of an egg typically occur

the fallopian tubes

what is the role of bile?

emulsify fats for digestion in the small intestine

urine flows through the body in the following order

kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra

the following are functions of which body system?

1) maintain homeostasis

2) inter-glad communication

3) growth and development

endocrine

which muscle tissue is under voluntary control?

skeletal

which muscle tissues are under involuntary control?

smooth and cardiac

smooth muscle tissue is found in the walls of

internal organs

cardiac muscle tissue is found only in the

heart

-blast

create new tissue

-clast

break down or resorb tissue

totipotent stem cells

think "totally potent"

differentiate into any cell type and form an organism

pluripotent stem cells

differentiate into many cell types but cannot form an organism independently

multipotent stem cells

differentiate into a limited number of cell types

when you eat a fatty food, the gallbladder releases ______ into the _________________, where it mixes with semi-digested food

bile, small intestine

H

hydrogen, nm

lithium

Li, metal

sodium

Na, metal

potassium

K, metal

Be

beryllium, metal

Mg

magnesium, metal

calcium

Ca, metal

Sr

strontium, metal

Ba

barium, metal

Mn

Manganese, metal

Fe

iron, metal

cobalt

Co, metal

nickel

Ni, metal

copper

Cu, metal

zinc

Zn, metal

silver

Ag, metal

gold

Au, metal

platinum

Pt, metal

mercury

Hg, metal

lead

Pb, metal

tin

Sn, metal

aluminum

Al, metal

B

boron, nm

C

carbon, nm

silicon

Si, nm

N

nitrogen, nm

phosphorus

P, nm

O

oxygen, nm

S

sulfur, nm

F

fluorine, nm

Cl

chlorine, nm

Br

bromine, nm

I

iodine, nm

He

helium, nm

Ne

neon, nm

Ar

argon, nm

Kr

krypton, nm

Xe

xenon, nm

Rn

radon, nm

groups on the periodic table have similar chemical properties bc they have the same amount of

valence electrons