Exam 1

13th Amendment

Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the US, except as punishment for a crime

14th Amendment

Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US and granted equal protection under the law

15th Amendment

Prohibited the denial of voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

What was the purpose of the Carlisle Indian School and ones alike

The purpose was to oppress Native Americans. They were assaulted, forced into labor, and were made to break connections with their families and roots

Meaning of the term “The Gilded Age”

Covered with gold but underneath, it’s much less impressive

What was Rockerfeller’s company?

Standard Oil

What was Rockerfeller’s expansion method?

Horizontal Integration

What is horizontal integration?

Buying out competitors in order to control the entire industry

What was Andrew Carnegie’s company?

Carnegie Steel Company

What was the Homestead Strike of 1892?

Henry Clay planned to cut wages, so workers went on strike. The altercation turned violent, 12 workers killed, and a loss for the workers. This highlights the oppression of laborers in this time

What was Carnegie’s “Gospel of Wealth”?

He writes that the idea of the poor becoming wealthy invokes ambition in the poor. He also rejects the idea of using your wealth for personal luxury.

What did Ida Tarbell do?

She was a journalist who exposed corruption within the oil industry

Chinese Exclusion Act

First law to prevent immigration based on nationality; only allowed merchants, students, diplomats, or teachers

Immigration Act of 1891

A law that centralized immigration enforcement under the federal government, created the first immigration agency, expanded exclusion categories, and required medical and legal screening at ports of entry.

Triangle Waist Company

Manufactured the shirtwaist which was a tailored blouse to be tucked into a skirt, made to be practical

The Triangle Waist Company Fire in 1911

Killed 148 people, building owners locked exit doors to prevent theft, but disabled many workers from exiting during the fire

What did Ida B. Wells report on?

Racism and anti-lynching

What did Jacob Riis do?

He reported on the terrible living conditions of people

19th Amendment

the right of citizens of the US to vote shall not be denied by the US on account of gender

Francis Galton

Associated in phrenology

Phrenology

discredited 19th‑century theory claiming that a person’s character and mental abilities can be determined by the shape and bumps of their skull.

What is the Bollinger Baby Case?

A baby was born with many disabilities, the doctor convinced the mother to euthanize the baby.

How was Alexander Graham Bell an eugenicist?

He believed that deaf people should assimilate to the rest of society

Eugenically Sterilization

Forced sterilization of certain groups of people who carry “undesirable” traits

Why was Mary Mallon important?

She was the first recorded “healthy carrier” of typhoid fever, proving people could spread deadly diseases without being sick

Scientific Management, or was also known as taylorism, increased the efficiency of manufacturing by dividing production into smaller tasks. 

True

What is the Emancipation Proclamation?

All persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free

Which positions did the republicans support during the reconstruction? 

Supported the war to preserve the Union 

How many states in the north allowed African Americans to vote on equal terms with whites in 1860?

5

In what city was the National Association of Colored Women organized in?

Washington DC

Which U.S president supported muckraking?

Theodore Roosevelt

Where did the first move for federal immigration control come from?

California

What was one major effect of industrialization during the Gilded Age?

Industrialization increased wealth but also created greater inequality and difficult working conditions

Mary Mallon worked as a cook, which made her particularly dangerous as an asyptomatic typhoid carrier because she could unknowingly spread the disease through the food she prepared for the families that employed her.

True