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Cirrhosis (end stage liver disease)
Chronic liver disease that is degenerative and irreversible, often caused by alcoholism
Cholelithiasis
Presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts
Jaundice
Liver disease characterized by high levels of bilirubin, leading to yellowing of skin, mucosa, and sclera
Hepatitis A
most benign form of hepatitis spread through the fecal-oral route, common in children and young adults
Hepatomegaly
Enlargement of the liver
Esophageal varices
Varicose veins in the esophagus, prone to rupture, often caused by severe cirrhosis
Ascites
Accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity due to liver failure or portal hypertension
Hepatitis B
Highly infectious virus, approximately 100 times more infectious than HIV
Gallstones
Formed from bile salts and cholesterol in the gallbladder
Biopsy
Most reliable test for chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and cancer diagnosis
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Rare disease that gradually destroys the bile ducts
Idiopathic
Disease or condition with an unknown cause
Hepatic portal system
System of veins transporting blood from the digestive tract to the liver
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis virus commonly spread through water contamination via the fecal-oral route
Albumin
Blood protein produced by the liver, decreased levels lead to fluid leakage into tissues and edema in lower extremities
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