Life Span Development - Chapter 7

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from Chapter 7: Life Span Development, including physical and psychosocial changes across different age groups.

Neonates

The developmental stage from birth to 1 month of age.

Infants

The developmental stage from 1 month to 1 year of age.

Barotrauma

Pressure-induced trauma to an infant's lungs, often caused by forceful ventilations and overinflation during bag-mask ventilation.

Moro reflex

A neonate's reflex to open arms wide, spread fingers, and seem to grab at things when startled.

Palmar grasp

A neonate's reflex that occurs when an object is placed into its palm.

Rooting reflex

A neonate's instinctive turning of its head toward a touch on its cheek.

Sucking reflex

A neonate's reflex that occurs when its lips are stroked.

Fontanelles

Spaces between the bones of a neonate's skull that eventually fuse; the posterior fuses by 3 months, and the anterior fuses between 9 and 18 months.

Anxious-avoidant attachment

A type of attachment found in infants who are repeatedly rejected, leading to little emotional response to parents/caregivers.

Separation anxiety

A common psychosocial change in older infants, expressing distress when separated from primary caregivers.

Trust and mistrust (developmental stage)

A stage of development from birth to about 18 months, centered on an infant's needs being met by parents or caregivers.

Toddlers

The developmental stage from 1 to 3 years of age.

Preschoolers

The developmental stage from 3 to 6 years of age.

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

A psychosocial challenge for toddlers and preschoolers, focused on establishing independence.

School-age children

The developmental stage from 6 to 12 years of age.

Preconventional reasoning

A stage of moral development where children act purely to avoid punishment and get what they want.

Conventional reasoning

A stage of moral development where children look for approval from their peers and society.

Postconventional reasoning

A stage of moral development where children make decisions guided by their conscience.

Adolescents (Teenagers)

The developmental stage from 12 to 18 years of age, characterized by growth spurts and maturation of endocrine/reproductive systems.

Early Adults

The developmental stage from 19 to 40 years of age, where the body is often functioning at its optimal level.

Middle Adults

The developmental stage from 41 to 60 years of age, vulnerable to vision/hearing loss, cardiovascular issues, and cancer, with menopause occurring in women.

Older Adults

The developmental stage for those ages 61 years and older, characterized by various declines in cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, digestive, renal, nervous, and sensory systems.

Atherosclerosis

A condition in older adults contributing to the decline of cardiac function and stiffness of the vascular system.