Scientific Revolution thru History of Mankind

The Human Origins

6 to 2 million years ago

Stone Age

The early period of human history

Paleolithic Age

2.5 Million Years Ago - 8000 BC

Buffalo, Bison, Wild goats, Reindeer, and Other animals

Paleolithic people survived by hunting and gathering what?

Wild nuts, Berries, Fruits, Wild grains, and

Green plants

paleolithic people also gathered

Neolithic Revolution

10,200 BC and ending between 4500 and 2000 BC

Sumerian Civilization

4500 BC - 1900 BC

The Renaissance

14th to 17th Century

Modern History and the Industrial Revolution

1700s - 1900s

Spinning and Weaving of Textile

had large gains in productivity

Joseph Aspdin

In 1824, a British bricklayer turned builder, patented a chemical process for making Portland cement.

1810

when was the tin can patented?

Key Historical Transitions

● Paleolithic Period

● Neolithic Period

● Rise of Ancient Civilizations

● Industrial Revolution

● The Anthropocene

The Human Revolution

remarkable and sudden emergence of language, consciousness, and culture in our species, Homo sapiens sapiens

First Humans

Emerged from Africa, and lived simultaneously with other hominid species

Nomadic group of people

Travelled in groups, or bands, of about 20 - 30 members

Paleo Diet (Caveman Diet)

2/3 of the energy was derived from animal sources. heavy on protein and low in carbs

Animal sources

2/3 of the energy was derived from?

Men

hunting

Women

gathering

Flint technology

it was a major breakthrough for early people

Spear, Bows, Arrows

better, more complex tools for killing larger animals

Spears and Fish Hooks

this increased the number of fishes caught

Sharp-edged tools

used for cutting up plants and digging up roots

Scraping tools

used to clean animal hides which were used for clothing and shelter

Animal Bones

they crafted needles from ________ to make nets and baskets, and to sew hides together for clothing.

animal skin, brush, and wood

people constructed tents and huts made of?

warmth, cooked food, meal that was smoked by fire can be stored

First use of fire by humans in the paleolithic age.

Transfer of Knowledge

The spoken language of early people was constantly growing and changing.

crushed yellow, black, and red rocks combined with animal fat to make paints

how did they make paint?

Animal fat

what did they combine with colored rocks to make paint?

Neolithic

was a period in the development of human technology

Agriculture and Settlement

The neolithic period was a wide-scale transition from hunting and gathering to _______ and ______

families

During the Neolithic age, people lived in small tribes composed

Domestication of large animals

this resulted in a dramatic increase in social inequality

animal skins

The clothing of the Neolithic humans were made of

Bracelets, Axe heads, Chisels, and Polishing tools

An array of neolithic artifacts includes:

Projectile points, Beads, and Statues

Skilled manufacturers of a range of other types of stone tools and ornaments, including;

Transportation and navigation

Communication

Weapons and armors

Conservation of life

Engineering

Architecture

Emergence of Science and Technology on diverse usage

Sumerian Artifacts ?

Cuneiform, Uruk City, Irrigation and dikes, Sailboats, Wheel, The Plow

Egyptian Civilization

3100 BC - 332 BC

Egyptian Artifacts

Paper / papyrus, ink, hieroglyphics, cosmetics and wigs, water clock / clepsydra

Chinese Civilization

1600 BC - 221 BC

Chinese Artifacts

Silk, Tea Production, Great Wall of China, Gunpowder

Greek Civilization

800 BC - 140 BC

Greek Artifacts

Alarm Clock and Water Mill

Roman Civilization

753 BC - 476 AD

Roman Artifacts

Newspaper, Bound Books, Codex, Roman Architecture, Roman Numerals

The Middle Ages

A.K.A. Dark Ages

476 AD - 1400s

Inventions in the Middle Ages

Printing Press, Microscope, Telescope, War Weapons

Middle Ages

term for Western Europe during the Postclassical Era (A.P. World History's 3rd time period)

The West

Western Europe, but later included America

Lack of a central government

Widespread diseases (plagues)

Long religious wars

Little to no access to education

Slow technological or cultural development

Problems that rose during the "Dark Ages"

Printing press

Microscope

Telescope

War weapons

4 major contributions during medieval/ middle ages

Renaissance

Music, Literature, New Form of Art, New World of Finance, Discovery of Land, Growth of Science and Technology

renaissance

the bridge between the middle ages and modern history that started as a cultural movement in Italy

New Form of Art

Humanism, Realism, and Classical Period

Literature

William Shakespeare

Discovery of Land

Manufacturing, Money, Trade

Growth of Science and Technology

Ships and Shipbuilding, Astronomy, Mathematics, Medicine, Time and Hour

The Industrial Revolution Period (1870 - 1900s)

when the face of industry changed dramatically

advancement of the textile industry

a key development in the Industrial Revolution.

Cotton Gin

increased productivity of removing seed from cotton.

Eli Whitney

Who invented the cotton gin?

Industrial Revolution

the first that employed the factory system

James Watt

who created the first truly reliable steam engine in 1775?

steam engine

This invention made locomotives and many of the textile machines possible.

Coal mining

the process of extracting coal from the ground.

Coal

is valued for its energy content

coal

What substitution for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of iron production.

Screw cutting lathe,

Cylinder boring machine, and

Milling machine

Invention of the first machine tools included:

Englishman John Roebuck

Production of sulphuric acid was pioneered by who in 1746?

Production of sulphuric acid was for:

Fertilizers, Detergents, Dyes, Explosives, Drugs and other chemicals

Germany

What country took world leadership in the chemical industry during the industrial revolution?

Joseph Foljambe's Rotherham

whose plough of 1730 was the first commercially successful iron plough?

Andrew Meikle

Who invented the threshing machine in 1784?

threshing machine

What displaced hand threshing with a flail, a laborious job that took about one-quarter of agricultural labor?

hand threshing with a flail

a laborious job that took about one-quarter of agricultural labor

Peter Durand

who was the British merchant that PATENTED the tin can in 1810?

John Hall and Bryan Dorkin

two people that OPENED the very first commercial canning factory in England in 1813.

Tin can

What did Peter Durand patented in 1810?

Jean Lenoir

who INVENTED the internal combustion engine in 1858?

internal combustion engine

a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.

air

an oxidizer

combustion chamber

integral part of the working fluid flow circuit

Internal combustion engine

What did Jean Lenoir invented?

Benjamin Franklin, Alessandro Volta, Michael Faraday

The development of electricity as a source of power had been done by an international collection of 3 scientists including ?

Automobile

What did Henry Ford invented?

Henry Ford

Who was by far one of the most imperative inventors of the Industrial Revolution?

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce

Who was the first person ever to take a photograph?

1814

When was the first photograph taken?

Alexander Graham Bell

Who created the telephone in 1876?

1876

When was the telephone created?

Telephone

What device further improved communications and eventually led to the various communications devices used today?

Thomas Edison

Who created the phonograph in 1877?

Phonograph

What did Thomas Edison create?

1877

When was the phonograph created?

Orville and Wilbur Wright

They were brothers that created the first airplane in 1903

1903

When was the first airplane created?

The Anthropocene (Present)

The Rise of the Human Empire