SAD - Unit 1 - Introduction to sad

Systems Analysis and Design

An active field in which analysts repetitively learn new approaches and different techniques for building the system more effectively and efficiently. Its primary objectives is to improve organizational systems. Focus: Analysis, Design

System Analysis

It is a process of collecting and interpreting facts, identifying the problems, and decomposition of system into its components. It is conducted for the purpose of studying a system or its parts in order to identify its objectives. It is a problem solving technique that improves the system and ensures all components of the system work efficiently to accomplish their purpose. It specifies what the system should do.

System Design

It is a process of planning a new business system or replacing an existing system by defining its components or modules to satisfy the specific requirements. Before planning you need to understand the old system thoroughly and determine how computers can be used in order to operate efficiently

System Analysis (Focus)

Understanding the problem domain and gathering requirements

System Design (Focus)

Specifying the solution and designing the system.

System Analysis (Output)

Requirements Documents

System Design (Output)

System Design Specifications

System Analysis (Techniques)

Interviews, Survey, Observation, and document Analysis

System Design (Techniques)

• UML

• DFD

• ERD

• decision tree

• state transition diagram

System Analysis (Level of Detail)

High Level Understanding

System Design (Level of Detail)

Detailed specifications

System

is a set of related components that produces specific results. Every system requires input data.

Data

consists of basic facts that are the system's raw material.

Information

data that has been transformed into output that is valuable to users

Information System

Combines information, technology, people, and data to support business requirements. Handles daily business transactions, improves company productivity, and helps managers make sound decision

Components of Information System

Hardware, Software, Peopleware, Process, Data (HSPPD)

Types of Information System

• Knowledge Work System (KWS)

• Management Information System

• Decision Support System

• Office Automation System

• Transaction Processing System

• Executive Support System

I.T. department + SYSTEM ANALYST

Person + ORG that Develops Information System

I.T. (refers to the combination of)

Hardware, Software, Services that the people use to manage, communicate, and share information

Information Technology

I.T. is enabling a new digital economy where firms and individuals can profit greatly from advancements in hardware, software, and communication. Businesses cannot afford to fall behind the IT curve when they expand. Businesses frequently employ IT to lower operating costs and boost productivity.

How I.T. Impacts Our Society

Business utilize information technology as a weapon to boost output, provide high quality goods and services (Automation & Efficiency, Data Management & Analytics, Quality Control, Customer Experience, Supply Chain Management, Innovation & Flexibility), keep customers loyal, and make wise choices. I.T. can make the difference between success and failure in a highly competitive economy

Business Process Modeling

used by the system analysts to represent company operation and information needs. It requires a business profile and a series of models that document business processes.

Business Profile

It is an overview of a company's mission, functions, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction.

Business Process

It is a specific set of transactions, events, and results that can be described and documented. A business process model (BPM) graphically displays one or more business processes, such as Airline reservation system, Filling a product order, Updating a customer account

New Kinds of Companies - Product-Oriented

Manufactured computers, routers, or microchips

New Kinds of Companies - Service-Oriented

includes vendors, software developers, and service providers. Examples are: ISP (Internet Service Providers), Outsourcing companies

New Kinds of Companies (today)

Today, those distinctions are gone. Most successful IT companies offer a mix or products, services, and support. Value-added services such as consulting, financing, and technical support that can be more profitable than hardware. In 2009, the pre-tax income in software is 93

Dot-com (.com)

Internet dependent firm. Examples: Google, Yahoo!, Amazon, eBay

Brick-and-Mortar

they conduct business primarily from physical locations. Example: Lowe's

E-commerce or I-commerce

Involves various hardware and software designs, but a typical model is a series of Web Pages that provide a user interface, which communicates with database management system software and a Web-based data server.

Two main sectors of E-commerce

• B2C (Business-to-Consumer)

• B2B (Business-to-Business)

Organizational Structure (Levels)

Top Managers, Middle Managers and Knowledge Workers, Supervisors and Team Leaders, Operational Employees